创伤性颅脑损伤患者的镇静镇痛

Analgesia and sedation in patients with traumatic brain injury

创伤性颅脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)是指头部受到外力击打或者震荡,引起脑组织的结构发生破坏或者功能紊乱的神经系统性疾病。TBI患者的镇静镇痛是救治的主要环节之一,如何科学地评估TBI患者的疼痛程度、镇静深度,根据患者病情合理选择镇静镇痛类药物是近年来研究的热点。本文回顾了国内外最新文献,阐述了如何根据TBI患者的病理生理学特点,对TBI患者进行科学的镇静镇痛评估以及合理的镇静镇痛治疗。

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a neurological disease in which the head is hit or vibrated by external force,resulting in the destruction of the structure of brain tissue or functional disorder.The analgesia and sedation in patients with traumatic brain injury is one of the key elements in TBI care.How to scientifically evaluate the degree of pain and the depth of sedation in patients with TBI,and select sedative and analgesic drugs based on patient’s condition is a hotspot in recent years.This paper reviews the updates literature,and introduces how to evaluate the condition of TBI patients and how to conduct appropriate sedation and analgesia based on the pathophysiological characteristics of TBI patients.