上海市青浦区中小学生农药膳食暴露风险评估

Analysis and risk assessment of pesticide in fruits and vegetables for primary and secondary school students in Qingpu District,Shanghai

目的了解上海市青浦区水果蔬菜中农药残留水平,评估青浦区中小学生饮食中农药残留暴露风险。方法2021-2022年采集上海市青浦区7个街镇的水果、蔬菜及农产品252份,采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术对果蔬中46种农药残留进行检测。根据膳食调查所得的食品消费数据,对上海市青浦区中小学生急性和慢性膳食暴露风险进行评估。结果46种农药中共有15种农药有检出,12种农药检测值超卫生限值,检出率最高的是农药噻虫嗪(29.76%),超标率最高的农药是噻虫胺(27.78%)。6种果蔬中,农药检出率最高的是草莓(88.10%),超标率最高的是番茄(76.19%)。在所有检测到的农药中,甲胺磷和敌敌畏的急性暴露风险(Acute Hazardquotient)分别为562%和452%,敌敌畏的慢性暴露风险(Chronic Hazardquotient)为434%,其他农药的膳食急性、慢性暴露风险均小于100%。结论上海市青浦区水果蔬菜中存在农药残留,其中甲胺磷和敌敌畏的膳食暴露风险较高,应引起监管部门的高度重视。其他农药的膳食暴露风险较低,但农产品的高检出率和超标率应引起重视。

Objective To investigate the pesticide residue of fruits and vegetables in Qingpu District of Shanghai,Valuate the risk assessment of pesticide residues in primary and middle school students in Qingpu district.Methods From 2021 to 2022,252 fruits and vegetables from 7 towns in Qingpu District of Shanghai were collected,and 46 pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables were detected by LC/MS.The acute and chronic dietary exposure risks of primary and secondary school students in Qingpu District of Shanghai was assessed using the results of pesticide residue detection,combined with food consumption in the dietary nutrient intake survey of Qingpu students.Results 15 pesticides of all total 46 pesticides were detected,12 pesticides exceeded the standard,the highest detection rate was tthiamethoxam(29.76%),the highest exceeding rate was clothianidin(27.78%).Among the 6 kinds of fruits and vegetables,the highest detection rate was strawberry(88.10%),and the highest o exceeding rate was solanaceae(76.19%).The dietary exposure results showed that the acute exposure risks(acute hazardquotient)of methamidophos and dichlorvos weir 562%and 452%respectively,the chronic exposure risk(chronic hazardquotient)of dichlorvos was 434%,and the dietary acute chronic exposure risks of other pesticides were less than 100%.Conclusion There are pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables in Qingpu District of Shanghai.The dietary exposure risk of methamphetamine and dichlorvos in fruits and vegetables is high,which should be paid attention to by the regulatory authorities.The dietary exposure risk of other pesticides is low,but the high detection rate and over-standard rate of fruits and vegetables should be paid attention to.