依托科技小院提升涉农高校专业学位研究生实践能力的探索——以农艺与种业专业学位研究生为例

Exploration in Enhancing the Practical Skills of Professional Degree Postgraduates in Agricultural Universities Through Science and Technology Backyards——Taking Agronomy and Seed Industry Postgraduates as an Example

目前高等农业院校专业学位研究生的培养过程中存在缺乏实践指导环节、研究生实践能力不足等问题。如何提升专业学位研究生的实践能力是高等农业院校专业学位研究生培养需要着力解决的重要问题。科技小院的提出和设立,可以弥补专业学位研究生培养过程中所遇到的培养过程同质化趋向、“双导师制”流于形式、实践基地建设水平较低、实践教学环节薄弱、实践能力培养质量评价体系不够完善等问题。以沈阳农业大学农艺与种业专业学位研究生培养为例,通过结合科技小院的实践培养模式,从优化课程设置,丰富教学内容,加强双导师队伍建设,加强实验基地建设与管理,实行“三段式”的全过程培养管理模式,优化考评和奖助管理等方面,充分利用科技小院在“三农”人才培育、农业科技创新和服务农村农民等方面的示范作用,在助力乡村振兴的同时,探索出一条能够真正提升农艺与种业专业学位研究生实践能力的新路径。

There exits some problems in the training process of professional postgraduates in agricultural university,such as lack of practical guidance and practical ability.It is important problem to be solved that how to improve the practical ability of professional degree postgraduates during training process in agricultural university.The proposal and establishment of science and technology backyards can address the issues faced in the training process of professional postgraduates,such as homogenization of the training process,ineffective"dual tutor system",low effect of practice bases,weak practice teaching,and the evaluation system for the quality of practical ability training is not perfect.Taking the cultivation of Agronomy and Seed Industry postgraduates of Shenyang Agricultural University as an example,the study explores a new path that can really improve the practical ability of Agronomy and Seed Industry postgraduates by combining with the practical cultivation mode of science and technology backyard.The study proposes the following countermeasures:optimizing the curriculum,enriching the teaching content,strengthening the construction of"dual tutor system",strengthening the construction and management of experimental bases,implementing the whole-process cultivation management mode,and optimizing the management of examination and evaluation as well as the management of awards and subsidies.