安徽省国土空间生产、生活和生态功能特征演变及分区优化研究

Study on Anhui Province Land Spatial Characteristic Evolution and Partition Optimization Based on the "Production-Living-Ecological" Function

以安徽省105个县(市、区)为评价单元,通过数据构建生产、生活和生态功能综合指标体系对安徽省2005~2020年“三生”功能的发展水平进行测度,借助Moran’s I指数探究“三生”功能空间异质性演化规律,测算“三生”功能的比较优势指数,判定各评价单元的优势功能以进行国土空间功能分区优化。研究期间内,安徽省“三生”功能综合得分整体呈上升趋势,生产功能、生活功能提升显著,生态功能略微下降,三生“功能”发展水平空间差异在不断缩小。空间相关性上,生产、生活功能集聚程度较强,整体呈现出南高北低、东高西低和中部凸起的空间格局;生态功能集聚程度稍弱,其中安徽省长江以南地区生态功能值最高,江淮地区次之,皖北地区最低。优势功能区分布上,生态优势功能区主要集中在皖南山区、皖西丘陵、长江、淮河和巢湖沿岸的地区,生产优势功能区集中在皖北平原,生产-生活优势功能区主要集中在皖江城市带,生态-生活优势功能区集中在皖西南,生产-生态优势功能区集中于皖西北。最后,研究提出了安徽省国土空间布局优化的路径,与目前偏重指标分配及多部门属性图层中叠加归并处理的途径不同,该路径注重发挥不同地域国土空间的优势功能,寻求国土空间多功能协调和可持续发展,为省域国土空间优化的方向提供一定的参考。

This study takes 105 counties as the research project,constructs"Production-Living-Ecological"function comprehensive evaluate index system,caculates"Production-Living-Ecological"function development level of Anhui province during 2005 and 2020.The study explores the spatial evolution law of"Production-Living-Ecological"function with Moran’s I index,calculates the comparative advantage index of"Production-Living-Ecological"function,determines the advantageous function of each evaluation unit,and optimizes the land space function partition.The results show that the overall"Production-Living-Ecological"function in Anhui Province is rising,and the spatial difference is shrinking;Production and living functions have been significantly improved,while ecological functions have declined slightly.From the perspective of spatial correlation,the agglomeration of production and living functions is relatively strong,and the overall spatial distribution pattern is high in the south and low in the north,high in the east and low in the west,and bulging in the middle;while the degree of ecological function agglomeration is slightly weak,among which the ecological function in the south of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province is the highest,followed by the Jianghuai region,and the lowest is the northern Anhui region.As for the distribution of advantageous function areas,the ecologically advantageous function areas are mainly concentrated in the mountainous areas of southern Anhui,the hilly areas of western Anhui,the areas along the Yangtze River,Huaihe River,and Chaohu Lake.The production advantage functional area is concentrated in the North Anhui Plain,the production-life advantage function area is mainly concentrated in the urban belt of the Wanjiang River;the ecological-life advantage function area is concentrated in the southwest of Anhui,and the production-ecological advantage function area is concentrated in the northwest of Anhui.Based on above analysis,this study proposes a path to optimize the land spatial distribution of in Anhui Province.Different from the current methods that focus on index allocation and multi-attribute layer stacking and merging,the new path focuses on advantageous functions of different regions and land space,seeking multi-functional coordination and sustainable development of all land spaces,which can provide reference for the optimization of provincial land space distribution.