文化多样性对个体创业的影响研究

Research on the Effect of Cultural Diversity on Individual Entrepreneurship

在中国经济发展过程中,人口跨区域流动不仅改善了劳动力资源的空间配置效率,也使得城市的文化多样性特征日益突出。本研究采用中国劳动力动态调查数据(CLDS),以出生地为基础构建文化多样性指数,并检验其对个体创业行为的影响。结果表明,文化多样性水平每增加0.1,个体选择创业的概率将增加1.07个百分点。在考虑内生性问题以及从不同角度进行稳健性检验后,本研究的结论依然保持不变。机制检验发现,文化多样性主要通过知识溢出和技能互补两个渠道提高了个体选择创业的概率。根据研究结果,提出加大对文化多样性的保护力度,促进劳动力资源的跨区域流动,针对不同类型的创业者采取差异化的扶持政策等对策建议。

According to the economic development in China,the mobility of labor across different regions not only improves the spatial allocation efficiency of labor resources,but also promotes the cultural diversity of cities.By employing the data set of CLDS,the paper constructs a cultural diversity index based on birth place and tests its impact on individual entrepreneurship.The results show that for every 0.1 increase in cultural diversity,the probability to choose entrepreneurship will increase by 1.07%.After considering the endogeneity and performing the robust test,the conclusion remains unchanged.The mechanism test indicates that cultural diversity mainly positively affects entrepreneurship through knowledge spillover and skill complementary among different groups.The findings of this paper indicate that the government should protect the cultural diversity and promote the mobility of labor across different regions.Meanwhile,the government should also take different policies to support different entrepreneurs.