利用可聚合表面活性剂自组装构筑小于5纳米尺度的层状结构

Fabrication of Polymeric Materials With Sub-5nm Layered Nanostructures From Polymerizable Lyotropic Liquid Crystals

研究了一种利用可聚合表面活性剂自组装构筑层状纳米结构聚合物的方法。首先合成了一系列季铵盐类可聚合型表面活性剂,利用X射线散射和偏光显微镜技术研究了它们与水或其他极性溶剂共混的自组装行为。所合成的表面活性剂在水或者甘油等极性溶剂中均能形成稳定的层状液晶相。进一步探究了光引发聚合对层状结构的影响,并通过复配交联剂使尺度小于5nm的层状结构在聚合物中得到保留。结果表明:聚合后尽管层间距有所变宽且层状相的规整度下降,但其层状结构在聚合物中基本得到保留。

The fabrication of ordered polymeric materials with sub-5 nm layered structures by polymerization of lamellar lyotropic liquid crystals(LLCs)was studied.Homologs of cationic quaternary ammonia surfactants bearing different alkyl tails and a polymerizable ethyl methacrylatewere synthesized.Self-assemblies of these surfactants in water and other polar solvents were investigated by X-ray scattering and polarized optical microscopy.Lamellar LLCs can be formulated and subsequently photo-crosslinked with the assistance of additional cross-linkers.The effect of photo-induced polymerization on the layered structure was further explored,and the layered structure with a size smaller than 5 nm was retained in the polymer by compounding the crosslinking agent.The results showed that although the interlayer distance was widened and the regularity of the layered phase was reduced after polymerization,its layered structure was basically retained in the polymer.