聚合物凝胶在油田的应用现状及发展前景

Application Status and Development Prospect of Polymer Gel in Oil Fields

聚合物凝胶是一种高效调剖化学剂,具有良好的调剖调驱效果。应用聚合物凝胶能够有效地封堵高渗层甚至高渗透条带或大孔道,提高中低渗透层的动用程度。但矿场试验也表明,聚合物凝胶在注入地下储层的过程中,聚合物凝胶易堵塞井筒,且常会出现吸液剖面反转及污染中低渗透层等现象,从而使得提高采收率效果有限。在实际矿场试验中,聚合物凝胶的成胶效果还受到储层物性、聚合物及交联剂浓度、化学剂类型等因素影响,且针对实际需要一些聚合物凝胶还需要解堵。因此,基于聚合物凝胶在矿场上的实际调剖效果,归纳了聚合物凝胶的类型及作用,分析了聚合物凝胶在非均质储层中调剖调驱机理,针对聚合物凝胶在矿场中的应用现状,指出聚合物凝胶在油田应用的发展前景,为油田开发提供参考性意见。

Polymer gel is an efficient chemical profile control agent with good profile control and oil displacement effect.The application of polymer gel can effectively block high permeability layers or even high permeability zones or large pore channels,thereby increasing the utilization degree of low and middle permeability layers.However,the field test also shows that polymer gel can easily plug the wellbore during the injection process,and the phenomenon of suction profile inversion and pollution of medium-low permeability layer often occurs,so that the effect of enhanced recovery is limited.In actual field tests,the gelation effect of polymer gel is also affected by formation salinity,polymer concentration and crosslinking agent concentration,reservoir temperature and chemical reagent types.In this paper,based on the actual profile control effect of polymer gel in the field,the types and functions of the polymer gel were summarized,and the mechanism of profile control and displacement in the heterogeneous reservoirs was analyzed.At last,according to the application status of the polymer gel in the oil field,the development prospect of the polymer gel was discussed.