重质油催化裂解制轻烯烃技术及催化剂研究进展

Research Progress in Heavy Oil Catalytic Pyrolysis Technology for Light Olefins and Its Catalysts

乙烯和丙烯的生产在全世界都受到广泛的重视,是现今社会非常重要的基本有机化工原料。主要针对如何提高丙烯产率,介绍了催化裂解制轻烯烃技术的反应机理,总结了国内外发展的催化裂解技术及催化剂研究进展。由于现今加工重质油比重增加,所产原油日趋变重,轻质燃料油需求日益增长,导致轻质裂解原料更趋紧张,并且尽管轻烃裂解生产乙烯的成本最低,但丙烯的产量较少。因此,积极推广重质原料制丙烯技术,同时开发新工艺路线和新型催化剂,是努力实现我国丙烯产业可持续发展的基本思路。

As very important basic organic chemical raw materials in today’s society,ethylene and propylene have received extensive attention all over the world.In this paper,catalytic pyrolysis reaction mechanism for light olefins production was introduced,and research progress of catalytic pyrolysis technology and its catalysts at home and abroad were summarized.Because of the increasing of the proportion of heavy oil,the crude oil becomes heavier and heavier.However,the demand for light fuel oil keeps continuously growing,so light cracking raw material is in short supply.Although the cost of light hydrocarbon pyrolyzing into ethylene is the lowest,the yield of propylene is very low.In this sense,the technology to produce more ethylene and propylene directly from heavy oil becomes more and more important for both polyolefins and petroleum refining industry,including the effective catalysts and related technologies.