生物表面活性剂及其修复石油污染研究进展

Research Progress in Biosurfactants and Their Application in the Remediation of Petroleum Pollution

近年来,石油泄漏所引起的环境污染事件频发,严重破坏自然生态环境,影响人类健康。随着人们对生态环境重视程度的提高,生物表面活性剂的环保功能性使其在石油污染生物修复中成为一类具有吸引力的化合物。特别是糖脂类的生物表面活性剂,已在石油污染修复工程中得以应用。生物表面活性剂的提取和生产方法也多种多样。本文主要对生物表面活性剂的性质、结构、分类、生产提取方法及其在石油污染生物修复中的研究进展进行了简要概述。

In recent years, environmental pollution accidents caused by oil spills have occurred frequently, which seriously damages the natural ecological environment and affects human health.With the increase of people’s attention to ecological environment, the environmental protection function of biological surfactant makes it an attractive compound in bioremediation of petroleum pollution. In particular, glycolipid biosurfactants have been used in petroleum pollution remediation projects. The extraction and production methods of biosurfactant are various. In this paper, the properties, structure, classification, production and extraction methods of biosurfactants were summarized, as well as their research progress in bioremediation of petroleum pollution.