深海拖缆地震数据采集实时质量控制

Research and application of real-time QC on marine towed cable acquisition

现场监控是确保深海拖缆地震数据采集质量和提高生产效率的必要手段,即是通过及时获取采集过程中记录在SEG-D或SEG-Y格式文件中的各系统状态数据信息,并以灵活、直观的方式展现出来,以达到监控采集状态和资料品质的目的。同时,为了适应数据量大、施工连续的深海拖缆地震采集特点,以实时方式自动监测拖缆、枪阵等采集设备的工作状态,通过现场实时显示单炮及抽近道剖面、炮集叠加、共电缆数据叠加、近场检波器的监控,TB信号的质控和RMS振幅分析,确保所采集数据的质量,并降低施工成本。实际应用结果表明,该方法可有效监测气枪的气管漏气、气枪自激、压力变化等,电缆的噪声发育情况,采集数据质量,振幅、频率等异常,可实时发现问题并快速解决,为船队节省了作业时间,提高了施工效率。

On-site QC is a necessary means to ensure the quality of marine towed cable seismic acquisition and improve production efficiency.Through timely acquisition of the status information of each system recorded in SEG-D or SEG-Y files,and displaying it in a flexible and intuitive way,the acquisition status and data quality can be monitored in real time.At the same time,in order to adapt to the characteristics of large amount of data and continuous marine towed cable seismic acquisition,the working status of the equipment such as cable and gun array is automatically monitored in real time,and various data are displayed in real time,including single shot record,near-trace section,stacked shot gather,stacked common cable data,near-field geophone,TB signal and RMS amplitude,to ensure the quality of seismic data and reduce costs.The practical application shows that this method can effectively monitor the air leakage,self excitation and pressure change of air gun,the noise development of cable,the quality of recorded seismic signals,and the abnormalities of seismic amplitude and frequency.Problems can be found in real time and solved quickly.This saves the working time of the fleet and improves the construction efficiency.