三星堆遗址祭祀区三号祭祀坑出土的象牙现场加固材料力学性能研究

Study on mechanical properties of on-site reinforcement materials for the ivory unearthed from No.3 sacrificial pit of Sanxingdui site

三星堆遗址祭祀区三号祭祀坑出土的象牙,因长期埋藏于潮湿环境,含水率高,保存状况差,在提取过程中需要进行加固。筛选适用于潮湿环境下考古现场临时加固的材料和加固方法,关系着象牙整体稳定性和提取安全性,是象牙现场保护提取技术的研究重点。加固材料的力学性能是筛选加固材料的重要依据。文中对单独使用高分子绷带、以及高分子绷带和不同材料复合的力学性能进行测试,结果显示高分子绷带+竹片+石膏复合体系的力学性能最好。并将其成功用于三星堆遗址三号祭祀坑一根长135cm,拱高60cm的出土象牙现场加固提取。这对于后期潮湿环境下考古现场出土象牙加固提取具有一定的参考价值。

The ivory unearthed from No.3 sacrificial pit in the sacrificial of Sanxingdui site needs to be reinforced during the extraction process because it has been buried in a humid environment for a long time,with high moisture content and poor preservation.The screening of materials and reinforcement methods suitable for temporary reinforcement of archaeological sites in humid environments is related to the overall stability and extraction safety of ivory,and is the focus of research on ivory site protection and extraction technology.The mechanical properties of reinforcement materials are an important basis for screening reinforcement materials.In this paper,the mechanical properties of the polymer bandage alone,as well as the polymer bandage and the composite of different materials were tested,and the results showed that the mechanical properties of the polymer bandage+bamboo piece+gypsum composite system were the best.It was successfully used for the reinforcement and extraction of an excavated ivory with a length of 135cm and an arch height of 60 cm in No.3 sacrifice pit of the Sanxingdui site.This has certain reference value for the reinforcement and extraction of ivory excavated from archaeological sites in the later wet environment.