蒋介石与杨虎城部关系述论

On the Relationship Between Chiang Kai-shek and Yang Hucheng’s Army

蒋介石和杨虎城部之关系,始于杨虎城离冯附蒋的基本策略,彼此在1930年前后的几场大战中皆获益不浅。此后双方虽存在羁縻-效忠的关系,但斗争、矛盾和冲突日渐突出,蒋介石扼杀了杨虎城的大西北主义,紧紧控制陕西政权,且压迫杨虎城剿共,这导致了西安事变的爆发。在抗日战争中,蒋介石笼络杨虎城旧部的同时,也要斩断他们与共产党的联系以孤其势。1944年以后,蒋介石企图吞并杨虎城旧部,这引发双方的彻底决裂。蒋杨关系是蒋介石和各地方实力派分合斗争的一个标本,双方形成了一个模式化的过程,而蒋介石在日记里详细记载了对杨虎城部的每一步清算,却相对忽视东北军,这个现象之奇特也令人印象深刻。

The relationship between Chiang Kai-shek and Yang Hucheng started when Yang Hucheng left Feng Yuxiang,and they both benefited greatly from the wars around 1930.After that,although the two sides had a bondageloyalty relationship,their struggles,contradictions,and conflicts had become increasingly prominent.Chiang Kai-shek strangled Yang Hucheng’s Great Northwestism,held fast to the political power of Shaanxi,and forced Yang Hucheng to suppress the communists,which led to the outbreak of the Xi’an Incident.During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,Chiang Kai-shek had to win over Yang Hucheng’s former subordinates while at the same time cutting off their ties with the Communist Party.After 1944,Chiang Kai-shek attempted to annex Yang Hucheng’s former subordinates,which triggered a complete break between the two sides.The Chiang-Yang relations are a specimen of the break-ups and reconciliations between Chiang Kai-shek and various local powers.In his diary,Chiang detailed every step of the liquidation of Yang Hucheng’s former subordinates,but he relatively ignored the Northeast Army.This peculiar phenomenon is quite impressive.