试析魏晋南北朝时期园林艺术的主要特征

On the Main Characteristics of Garden Art in the Period of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

园林艺术的发展离不开本土文化这片沃土,不同历史时期影响园林艺术的文化因素,侧重方面也各有不同。在长达三百年分裂混乱状态下的魏晋南北朝时期,小农经济受到了一定程度的打击,士族庄园经济与寺院经济则日益强大。意识形态方面,当时盛行的道家思想与佛教思想发生了一定程度的融合。特定的历史背景对这一时期园林的类型、功能、规模、风格、造园审美观念等方面的演变都产生了重大的影响。

The development of garden art is inseparable from the local culture.The cultural factors affecting garden art in different historical periods also have different emphasis.In the period of Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,which lasted for 300 years,the small-peasant economy was partially hit,while the Manor Economy and Temple Economy became increasingly powerful.In terms of ideology,the prevailing Taoism and Buddhism merged to a certain extent.The specific historical background had a great influence on the evolution of the type,function,scale,style,and aesthetic concept of gardening in this period.