银行系金融科技发展与商业银行经营效率——基于文本挖掘的实证检验

Fintech Development of Banking Department and Operating Efficiency of Commercial Banks——Empirical Test Based on Text Mining

以2008—2019年中国15家上市商业银行为样本,在采用DEA模型测算商业银行的成本效率和收入效率以及利用网络爬虫技术、文本挖掘技术、主成分分析法和min-max标准化方法测算银行系金融科技发展指数的基础上,分析了银行系金融科技发展对商业银行经营效率的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:银行系金融科技发展有利于提高商业银行的成本效率和收入效率,进而有利于提高商业银行经营效率;银行系金融科技发展并未通过减少员工支出的渠道提高商业银行经营效率,其主要是通过减少资金成本、固定资产投入以及增加利息收入和中间业务收入的渠道提高商业银行经营效率。

The paper firstly selected 15 listed commercial banks in China from 2008 to 2019 as the sample,then applied DEA model to measure the cost efficiency and revenue efficiency of commercial banks,and used web crawler technology,text mining technology,principal component analysis and min-max standard method to measure the fintech development index of banking department.On this basis,the paper analyzed how the fintech development of banking department had affected the operating efficiency of commercial banks.The results were as follow.Firstly,the fintech development of banking department had improved the cost efficiency and revenue efficiency of commercial banks,and further raised their operating efficiency.Secondly,the fintech development of banking department hadn’t reduced employee’s expenditure.Finally,the main channels included reducing capital cost,lowering the input of fixed assets,increasing interest income and raising intermediate business income.