“回不了家”——以自我民族志看待中国乡土式的读书精神与群体焦虑

“Singing Land”:Viewing Chinese Rural's Dushu Spirit and Group Anxiety with Auto-ethnography

中国社会的分化,令农村高学历青年的社会流动变得更为复杂,不仅涉及物质世界与社会空间,还涉及意识形态与文化层面。本研究运用自我民族志的方式,阐释了一名在名校读博的农村高学历青年的流动心态问题,试图通过“此情此景”式的深刻描摹,一者解释自身取得高教育成就的原因,二者凸显当代中国农村子女读书中面临的一大难题,即“回不了家”。研究发现,中国乡土式的读书精神赋予农村家庭及子女巨大的读书热情,该精神从中国传统社会情境中解读了农村子女读书上学的道德性问题。同时,农村子女读书中存在因阶层分化造成的文化断裂问题,他们身体惯习的改造过程实际是叛离乡土社会文化的过程,此两者共同导致农村高学历青年“回不了家”。

The differentiation of Chinese society makes the social mobility of highly educated youth from rural areas more complex,not only in the real world,but also in the ideological moral distress and cultural dilemma.The study uses auto-ethnography to explain the mentality of a rural highly educated youth who reads a doctoral degree in a high-raking university.Through the deep description of his situation,on the one hand,it explains the reasons for his highly educated achievements,and on the other hand,it highlights a major problem faced by contemporary Chinese rural youth in the process of Dushu,that is,“inability to return home”.The study found that the Chinese local spirit endows rural families and children with great enthusiasm in Dushu.The spirit explains the moral problems of rural youth's from the situation of Chinese traditional society.At the same time,rural children have the problem of cultural rupture caused by class differentiation in the process of Dushu.The transformation process of their physical habits is actually a process of“betraying”the local social culture.The two together contribute to the“inability to return home”.