民众意愿何以影响政策执行?——以“禁补令”政策在湖县地区的执行失效为例

How Does Public Will Affect Policy Implementation:Based on the Invalidation of the“Remedial Class Ban”in Huxian County

在已有关于政策执行偏移的研究中,作为政策目标群体的民众尚未得到充分的关注,其对政策执行成效的影响亦在一定程度上被忽略。本文以“禁补令”政策在县域社会的执行情况为例,从民众意愿这一自下而上的视角解释该政策执行失效的原因,并在此基础上探究民众意愿对于政策执行的作用机制。研究发现,包括多数学生家长和教师群体在内的民众主体,对于“禁补令”政策的实质反对意愿是构成家教活动得以在基层社会隐秘而持续存在的基础。而民众意愿则是通过“制造隐秘”“舆论施压”“关系庇护”三条路径分别从实践、话语以及制度与文化层面对政策的执行过程产生影响。

In the previous research on the deviation of policy implementation,the figure of the people as the policy target group has been vague,and its impact on the effectiveness of policy implementation has been relatively neglected.Based on the implementation in the county society of the“Remedial Class Ban”,which prohibits in⁃service teachers from participating in the organization of paid tutors,this paper attempts to explain the reasons for the failure of the policy from the bottom⁃up perspective of people's will,and on this basis,to explore the mechanism of people's will for the practice of policy implementation.The study finds that the substantial opposition of the public subjects,including most students,parents and teachers,to the ban,is the source of the secret but stable operation of tutoring activities in the grass⁃roots society.This public will has an impact on the implementation of the policy from the aspects of practice,discourse,system and culture through the three paths of“secrecy making”,“public opinion pressure”and“relationship asylum”.