纳粹大屠杀与历史的表征危机——走向一种书写伦理学

The Holocaust and the Crisis of Historical Representation:Towards an Ethics of Writing

继"语言学转向"突出语言的本体论地位,冲击了传统的历史书写范式之后,关于纳粹大屠杀等极端历史事件的再现争议进一步质疑了历史书写的可能性,从而导致历史的表征危机。历史书写作为一种以语言为基本媒介,始终伴随着文学性的"言语行为",其与社会现实具有密切的伦理关联;史学需要认清并接受语言本身所附带的诗性内涵与述行性特征,转变关于语言再现历史的模仿论或工具论观念以及"真/假"对立的二元模式,肯定语言及其诗性内涵在历史书写中的独特地位,并将其与历史在伦理学层面予以深入融合,走向一种"书写伦理学",才能更好地应对历史的表征危机。

After“linguistic turn”,the ontological status of language is highlighted.It shakes the paradigm of traditional historical writing,and the controversy over the representation of extreme historical events such as the Holocaust has further questioned the possibility of history writing,that leads to the crisis of historical representation.The writing of history must be resorted to language,which is always accompanied by literature and closely related to social reality.Historiography needs to recognize and accept the poetic connotation and performative features attached to language,change the mind of imitative or instrumental about the history of linguistic representation and the binary model of the“true/false”opposition.In order to better cope with the crisis of historical representation,it is necessary to advocate a kind ofEthics of writingand recognize the unique position of language and its poetic connotation in historical writing,then integrate it with history on the ethical level.