形质互构:社会工作机构的合法化路径研究——以S市X机构为例

Mutual-Construction of Form and Essence:Legitimization Path of Social Work Organizations:A Case Study in the S City

本文以S市X机构的发展历程为个案来探索除解耦之外的合法化路径,将合法化的制度视角和战略视角整合为“结构-建构”视角,以从适应环境到创造环境、从宏观到微观、从外部到内部、从被动到主动的视角来看待和解决合法化问题。本文通过细化合法性评估主体和评估标准将社会工作机构的合法性框架分为政治合法性、行政合法性、法律合法性、社会合法性与专业合法性,探索“细化合法性评估主体和标准—进行合法性要求的匹配性满足—获得相对应的合法性—实现合法化”之路。本文通过对X机构合法化路径的分析,发现其“形质互构”的基本特征,进而发现“形质互构”的多重意涵。本研究通过X机构的合法化之路提炼社会工作机构合法化的一般模式,提出专业合法性是社会工作机构合法化的基础,政治合法性是社会工作机构合法化的核心的见解,认为社会工作机构通过功能发挥解决社会问题、担负起一定的责任,可以使社会工作机构的合法化从形式性安排走向制度性设置。

Drawing upon the developmental trajectory of Institution X in City S,this study explores the paths to legitimization beyond decoupling.It integrates the institutional and strategic perspectives of legitimization into a“structure-construction”framework,examining and addressing issues of legitimization from adapting to the environment to shaping the environment,macro to micro perspectives,external to internal considerations,and passive to proactive approaches.By detailing the evaluative entities and standards of legitimacy,this paper categorizes the legitimacy framework for social work organizations into political,administrative,legal,social,and professional legitimacy.It delves into a path characterized by“detailing legitimacy assessment entities and standards—matching legitimacy requirements accordingly—obtaining corresponding legitimacy—achieving legitimization.”Through analyzing the legitimization path of Institution X,this study identifies its foundational characteristics of“mutual-construction of form and substance”and further uncovers its multifaceted implications.This research distills a general model for the legitimization of social work organizations,positing that professional legitimacy serves as the foundation,while political legitimacy stands as the crux of legitimization for social work organizations.The study suggests that by effectively addressing societal issues and meeting government mandates,social work organizations can transition their legitimization from nominal arrangements to institutional configurations.