文化分类与制度区隔:社会边缘群体污名形成的双重逻辑

Cultural Classification and Institutional Separation:The Dual Logic of the Formation of Social Marginal Group Stigma

文化和制度是理解群体污名的两个重要因素,但两者作用于污名形成的内在逻辑尚未得到系统阐释。根据哈贝马斯关于“生活世界”与“制度体系”的划分,对戒毒康复人员在两类交往情境中的污名体验展开分析可以发现,日常生活世界中社会大众基于选择性的文化叙事强化了关于该群体“不良行为特征”的标签与分类,形塑了道德污名;公共生活世界中制度执行者立足风险管控的治理叙事合理化了针对该群体的“违法者”身份及其区隔,建构了风险污名。这一双重逻辑的揭示为更加系统地看待社会边缘群体污名的类型划分及其形成机制和应对策略提供了新的启发。

Culture and institutions are two important factors in understanding group stigma.However,the internal logic of how the two work in the formation of stigma has not been systematically explained yet.According to Habermas’s division of“life world”and“institutional system”,in this paper the authors analyze the stigma experience of drug rehabilitation personnel in two kinds of communication situations and discovers that,in the daily life world,the general public strengthens the label and classification of the group’s“bad behavior characteristics”based on the selective cultural narrative,and shapes the formation of moral stigma;in the public life word,the institution executors rationalize the identity and separation of“law breakers”against this group based on the governance narrative of risk control,and constructs the formation of risk stigma.The revealing of this dual logic provides a new inspiration for a more systematic view of the classification and its formation mechanism and coping strategies of marginalized groups’stigma.