蓝色花形成的基因工程进展与育种策略

Genetic Engineering Progress and Breeding Tactics on Blue Flowers

蓝色花观赏价值高,花色成因复杂。目前,在蓝色花色形成机理和基因工程育种研究方面取得了大量的研究进展。综述了蓝色花形成的化学、生理学和分子生物学机理,利用基因工程技术培育蓝色花的育种实践:包括转入花青素苷合成途径上的关键酶基因,抑制内源竞争酶基因,转入液泡pH值调节基因和金属离子转运蛋白基因等。在此基础上总结出几种蓝色花基因工程育种的基本策略,以期为蓝色花基因工程育种提供参考。

Blue flowers possess highly ornamental value,but its coloration mechanism is very complicated.A great number of progresses have been achieved in the study of the pigmentation mechanism and genetic engineering in blue flower.Here the chemical,physiological,and molecular mechanisms of blue flower color are summarized.Many breeding practice for blue flowers are reviewed,including overexpression of key enzyme genes on anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway,expressing inhibition of entogenous competitive enzyme genes,introduction of regulatory genes for vacuoles pH regulation,and overexpression of metal ions transporter genes.Several tactics of genetic engineering for blue flowers are summarized based on these breeding practices,aiming to provide the reference for the genetic engineering breeding of blue flowers.