15—17世纪东亚交聘、贸易和战争中的日本刀

The Circulation of Japanese Katana in East Asia during 15^(th)-17^(th) century in the Form of C ommodities,Gifts,Spoils

日本刀作为明、日勘合贸易的大宗商品以及明朝御倭战争的战利品,在明朝较多地流入中国。通过勘合贸易流入明朝的日本刀和在御倭战争中缴获的日本刀,在种类和功能上有所区别。现存史料显示出后者(包括明朝仿制、改良者)被明朝运用在抗击倭寇以及“庚戌之变”后对抗蒙古的战斗中。此外,在壬辰战争中,朝鲜王朝也围绕引进日本剑术展开了讨论。日本刀以商品、馈赠品、战利品等多种形式在东亚地区的流转,从侧面反映出15—17世纪这一地区急剧变动的国际关系。

As the bulk commodity between Ming and Japan’s Kango Trade and the spoils of the Ming Dynasty’s war against Japanese Pirates,Japanese Katana flowed into China a lot during the Ming Dynasty.There were differences in types and functions between the Japanese Katana that imported into China through Kango Trade and those that were captured in the war against Japan.Existing historical documents show that the latter(including imitated and improved one in Ming)was used by Ming in the war with Japanese Pirates and the later war with Mongolia.In addition,during the Korean War in Wanli,Choson Dynasty’s army attempted to learn the skill of using Katana to improve its combat capability.The circulation of Japanese katana in East Asia in the form of commodities,gifts,spoils,reflected from the rapidly changing international relationship in Asia region during 15th-17th century.