論圓悟克勤對頌古的實踐性批評

A Study on Yuanwu Keqin’s Practical Criticism of Songgu

圓悟克勤以評唱和創作實踐構建了他的頌古批評。在對重顯頌古的評唱中,他界定了頌古的文體內涵,並基於體相用思想重視頌古發明宗旨、接引勘驗之功能,還注重對創作理路的整體把握、創作手法的靈活運用。克勤的頌古創作有著明確的明宗發義、開悟示法目的,運用了大量創作表現方法,在藝術表達上還呈現出"破體"的特徵,這些特點與他在《碧岩録》中的頌古批評交相呼應。克勤的實踐性批評引領了當時頌古創作的風尚,使得頌古"求新琢巧"的藝術追求愈演愈烈。

Yuanwu Keqin constructed his songgu criticism with his evaluating and writing practice.In the evaluation of Chongxian’s songgu,he defined the connotation of the style of Songgu,and attached great importance to the function of Songgu in expounding sectarian doctrines and receiving monks based on the thought of body and phase.He also attached great importance to the overall grasp of the creative theory and the flexible use of creative techniques.What’s more,he attached great importance to the literary quality.Keqin’s songgu creation has a clear purpose of expounding sectarian doctrines and enlightening demonstration,using a large number of creative expression methods,and also presents the characteristics of"breaking the body"in artistic expression,which echoes his criticism of songgu in Biyanlu.Keqin’s practical criticism led the fashion of songgu creation at that time,and made the artistic pursuit of"innovation and refinement"more and more serious.