基于GIS的苏南地区城市生态空间划定——以苏州市为例

Identification of urban ecological space in South Jiangsu based on GIS: A case study of Suzhou

城市生态空间是指能够维持城市生态系统平衡、为城市提供生态系统服务和提升城市居民生活质量所不可或缺的城市空间。合理划定城市生态空间是构建可持续发展的国土空间格局的重要基础,是维持城市经济发展和生态建设之间平衡的关键所在。本文以苏州市为案例,基于生态系统服务功能和生态敏感性评价,选取针对性的评价指标和评价模型,利用遥感数据和GIS技术,划定苏州市生态空间。结果表明:苏州市生态空间总面积为4543.64 km^2,占苏州市国土面积的52.48%;缓冲区域面积为2465.11 km^2,占国土面积的28.47%。利用Fragstats 4.2统计分析可知,苏州市生态空间总计有2877个斑块,生态空间破碎化较为明显。对生态空间土地利用类型统计发现,13%左右的城市建设用地侵占了生态空间。

Urban ecological space is indispensable in maintaining urban ecosystem balance,providing ecosystem services for the city,and improving life quality of urban residents.Reasonable delimitation of urban ecological space is important for constructing sustainable land spatial pattern and maintaining the balance between economic development and ecological construction.In this study,based on the evaluation of ecosystem services and ecological sensitivity,we delimited the ecological space of Suzhou by selecting the targeted evaluation indices and evaluation models,based on RS and GIS technology.The results showed that total area of ecological space in Suzhou is 4543.64 km^2,accounting for 52.48%of the city’s total area.The buffer area is 2465.11 km^2,accounting for 28.47%of the total area.Statistic analysis by Fragstats 4.2 showed that there were2877 patches in the ecological space,indicating obvious fragmentation of ecological space in Suzhou.The statistic results of land use types of ecological space showed that ecological space was occupied by about 13%of urban construction land.