基于碳排放约束的北京市社区生态效率评价

Evaluation of community′s ecological efficiency in Beijing based on carbon emission constraint

在“双碳目标”的背景下,社区作为生态文明建设的基本单元,其碳排放核算及生态效率评估尤为重要。基于家庭消费视角,采用碳排放系数法和消费者生活方式法核算社区居民碳排放,并运用超效率DEA模型评估社区生态效率,最后通过计量分析识别生态效率影响因素。研究结果显示:(1)社区居民人均碳排放的评估结果呈现出商品房社区(528.85kgCO_(2)/月)>单位社区(475.66kgCO_(2)/月)>传统社区(368.33kgCO_(2)/月)的关系;(2)生态效率的评估结果呈现出传统社区(111.04%)>商品房社区(108.78%)>单位社区(105.70%)的关系;(3)社区管理工作参与意愿、家庭光照条件会对社区生态效率产生积极影响;此外,年龄结构(中青年人口占比)对商品房社区的生态效率有消极影响,受教育程度的提升则会提高生态效率。进一步提出针对三类社区特点的转型发展策略,为全国不同类型社区生态转型和绿色低碳发展提供参考范式和决策支持。

In the context of dual carbon goal,as the basic unit of urban and rural ecological civilization construction,community carbon emission accounting and ecological efficiency evaluation are particularly important.From the perspective of household consumption,this paper adopts the carbon emission coefficient method and consumer lifestyle method to calculate the carbon emission of community residents,and uses the super-efficiency DEA model to evaluate the community ecological efficiency,and finally identifies the influencing factors of ecological efficiency through econometric analysis.The results showed that:(1)the per capita carbon emission of community residents indicated the order of commercial housing community(528.85 kgCO_(2)/month)>unit community(475.66 kgCO_(2)/month)>traditional community(368.33 kgCO_(2)/month);(2)The ecological efficiency presented the traditional community(111.04%)>commercial housing community(108.78%)>unit community(105.70%);(3)Willingness to participate in community management and household lighting conditions had positive effects on community ecological efficiency.In addition,the age structure(the proportion of young and middle-aged population)had a negative impact on the ecological efficiency of commercial housing communities,while the improvement of education level would improve the ecological efficiency.Furthermore,the transformational development strategies based on the characteristics of the three types of communities were proposed to provide a reference paradigm and decision support for the ecological transformation and low-carbon development of different types of communities in China.