冰雪旅游生态化发展范畴、问题与路径

Scope,issues,and paths of ecological development of ice and snow tourism

冰雪旅游的生态化发展,是国家绿色、低碳、循环经济体系建设的重要环节,对于三北区域开发与振兴、美丽中国建设、保障冬奥会圆满举办具有重大战略意义。本研究基于规范分析与实证分析相结合的研究范式,分析了冰雪旅游生态化发展范畴及其生态环境依赖性,评估了冰雪旅游区域生态足迹以及生态环境影响机制。研究显示:中国冰雪旅游发展迅速且生态化趋势明显,但仍存在突出问题;冰雪旅游开发总体上表现为生态盈余,但部分重点地区处于生态赤字状态,超过了冰雪旅游接纳能力上限;部分重点冰雪旅游区域仍处于经济-环境曲线拐点左侧,生态环境压力可能将呈现高发态势。本文还探索提出了冰雪旅游生态化发展路径,强调亟待展开冰雪旅游的国土空间管控和生态化创新系统建构。

The ecological development of ice and snow tourism is an important part of China’s construction of a green and low-carbon circular economic system.It is of great strategic significance to the development and revitalization of the Three-North regions in China,the construction of Beautiful China,and the success of the Winter Olympics.Based on the research paradigms of normative analysis and empirical analysis,this study analyzes the ecological development scope of ice and snow tourism and its ecological environmental dependence,as well as evaluates the regional ecological footprint of ice and snow tourism and its ecological environmental impact mechanism.The research shows that the development of ice and snow tourism in China is rapid and the trend of ecological development is evident,but there are still some outstanding problems:the development of ice and snow tourism is in ecological surplus on the whole,but some key areas are in ecological deficit and exceed the upper limit of the reception capacity of ice and snow tourism.Some key snow and ice tourism regions are still on the left side of the tipping point of the economy-environment curve.The ecological environmental pressure may grow higher.The development of ice and snow tourism is facing ecological environmental problems such as excessive resource consumption,vegetation destruction,soil erosion,thawing mudflow,water pollution,and so on.Finally,this study explores and puts forward ecological development paths of ice and snow tourism.It is urgent to increase the ecological scale and efficiency of ice and snow tourism and strengthen territorial space control,so as to construct an ecological innovation system of ice and snow tourism.