黄山风景区生态旅游实践研究

Ecotourism practice in Huangshan Mountain scenic area

生态旅游对于优化产业结构、促进区域可持续发展、推动生态文明建设具有重要意义。本文选取山地型生态旅游地黄山风景区为案例开展实践研究,主要研究内容包括:(1)首先摸清了黄山风景区野生动植物、古树名木、地貌、气候、水体等丰富的生态旅游资源;(2)梳理了黄山风景区在生态旅游者、资源、企业与环境等方面采取的促进生态旅游发展的措施,包括确定合理的景区承载量、封闭轮休精华景点、规范保护古树名木、有效防控松材线虫灾害、严防森林火灾、生态旅游企业改革和科学治理"三废"等;(3)论述了黄山风景区生态旅游发展所取得的经济、社会和生态效益,其效益具有时间和空间的溢出性,对国内外旅游目的地可持续发展起到推动作用。黄山风景区是生态旅游发展的范例地,其区域发展、法规标准和多主体参与等一系列生态旅游保护与利用实践为国内外风景名胜区发展生态旅游提供了宝贵经验。

Ecotourism plays an important role in optimizing industrial structure,encouraging regional sustainable development,and promoting ecological conservation.Taking Huangshan Mountain scenic area as a case for studying mountain ecotourism:Firstly we introduce the abundant ecotourism resources in Huangshan Mountain scenic area,including wild animals and plants,famous and ancient trees;Secondly,we comb the relevant measures that are taken to promote ecotourism development regarding ecotourists,resources,enterprises,and environment in Huangshan Mountain scenic area,including the determination of reasonable carrying capacity of scenic spots,the closure of the elite scenic spots,the regularly protection of ancient and famous trees,the effective prevention and control of pine wood nematode disaster,the strict prevention of forest fires,the reform of eco-tourism enterprises and the scientific management of’three waste’and so on;Thirdly,we discuss the economic,social,and ecological benefits of ecotourism development in Huangshan Mountain scenic area,its benefits have the spillover of time and space,which is playing an important role in promoting the sustainable development of domestic and foreign tourism destinations.Huangshan Mountain scenic area is an excellent example of ecotourism development in China,its unique ecotourism preservation and practice measures on regional development,legislation,and multi-stakeholder participation provide valuable experiences for the ecotourism development in the same type of scenic areas in China and abroad.