抚仙湖流域土地利用变化及其生态系统生产总值影响

Land Use Change and Its Impact on the Gross Ecosystem Product in Fuxian Lake Basin

为了研究抚仙湖流域土地利用变化对其生态系统生产总值产生的影响。基于2005年、2010年、2015年抚仙湖流域3期遥感影像数据,采用ArcGIS技术,生态价值评估方法,分析了2005年、2010年、2015年抚仙湖流域土地利用变化对生态系统生产总值时空变化的影响。结果表明:(1)近10年流域土地利用结构以水域、耕地和林地为主。建设用地和林地面积呈持续增加的趋势,耕地、草地持续减少,水域面积基本保持不变,耕地向建设用地和林地转移;(2)时间上,土地利用变化使抚仙湖流域生态系统生产总值呈逐年上升趋势。2005年、2010年、2015年生态系统生产总值分别为193252.63万元、283174.04万元和513769.28万元。空间上,近10年单位面积生态系统生产总值在空间上由湖泊向外围区域逐渐增加,湖泊北部、南部供给服务价值增加最多,右所镇北部、湖泊西部、路居镇南部调节服务价值增加较为明显,而文化服务价值沿湖泊周边逐渐增加;(3)流域生态系统生产总值以生态系统供给服务价值为主,分别占生态系统生产总值的47.61%,55.22%,53.55%,调节服务价值分别占生态系统生产总值的33.49%,21.76%,12.24%,而文化服务价值最少,分别占生态系统生产总值的18.90%,23.02%,34.21%。其中,生态系统供给服务价值以2005年和2010年的贡献最大,到2015年逐渐减少。生态系统的调节服务价值则逐渐降低。生态系统的文化服务价值比例较小,但逐年增加;(4)从不同的生态系统类型来看,各价值增量体现为林地>耕地>草地>水域>建设用地,其中林地、耕地的价值增量最大,而草地、水域、建设用地价值增量较少。

In order to study the impact of land use change on the gross ecosystem product(GEP)in the Fuxian Lake Basin,based on the interpretation data of the three remote sensing images of Fuxian Lake Basin in 2005,2010 and 2015,the land use change of Fuxian Lake Basin in 2005,2010 and 2015 was analyzed by using ArcGIS technology and ecological value assessment method.The results showed that:(1)the land use structure of the basin in the past decade was dominated by water body,cultivated land and forestland;the areas of construction land and forestland continue to increase,the cultivated land and grassland continue to decrease,the water area remains basically unchanged,and the cultivated land was transferred to construction land and forestland;(2)land use changes made the ecosystem production value of Fuxian Lake Basin increase year by year in terms of the time scale;in 2005,2010 and 2015,the total ecosystem production value was 1932.5263 million yuan,2831.7404 million yuan and 5137.6928 million yuan,respectively;in terms of space,the total GEP per unit area in the past ten years had gradually increased from the lake to the peripheral area,and the values of supply services in the northern and southern parts of the lake had increased the most,the value of regulating services in the north of the right town,the western part of the lake,and the southern part of the road had increased;it was more obvious,and the values of cultural services gradually increased along the periphery of the lake;(3)the total GEP of the Fuxian Lake Basin was mainly based on the supply value of ecosystem products,accounting for 47.61%,55.22%and 53.55%of the total GEP,respectively;the values of regulated services accounted for 33.49%,21.76%and 12.24%of the total ecosystem production,respectively,while the value of cultural services was the least,accounting for 18.90%,23.02%and 34.21%of the total ecosystem production,respectively;Among them,the values of ecosystem supply services were the largest in 2005 and 2010,and gradually decreased by 2015;the value of the regulation service of the ecosystem gradually reduced;the proportion of cultural service value of ecosystems was small,but it increased year by year;(4)from the perspective of different ecosystem types,the value increments decreased in the order:forest land>cultivated land>grassland>water area>construction land,and the values of forestland and cultivated land increased while the values of grassland,water body and construction land increased less.