中国油气矿权管理改革对国有石油公司的影响

China’s oil and gas mineral rights management reform and its impact on state-owned oil companies

近年来,中国持续推进油气矿权管理制度改革,明确油气矿权竞争性出让方式,并在实践中取得积极进展。特别是《关于推进矿产资源管理改革若干事项的意见(试行)》的发布,对油气矿权出让收益基准价、面积退还比例、企业准入标准都作了具体明确的规定,将成为《矿产资源法》修订完成之前中国矿权管理改革的一部重大文件,是油气矿权改革的一次里程碑性的政策文件。经过此次改革,中国油气矿权竞争性出让政策体系已基本建立。国有石油公司将面临矿权面积缩减、矿权获取竞争激烈、技术骨干与人才流失等压力。随着民营和外资企业的进入,油气上游环节以大型国有石油公司为主导、多种经济成分共同参与的勘查开采体系将逐步确立。

In recent years, China continues to push forward the reform of the management system of oil and gas mineral rights. The competitive transfer method of oil and gas mineral right is made clear, and the policy makes positive progress in practice. Especially The opinions on some matters concerning the promotion of mineral resources management reform(trial) was issued, which made specific and clear provisions on the benchmark price of oil and gas mineral right transfer proceeds, the proportion of area returned, and the enterprise access standard. The policy will become an important document of mineral rights management reform in China before the amendment of the mineral resources law completed. After this reform, the competitive transfer policy system for oil and gas mineral rights has been basically established in China. The state-owned oil companies will face the pressure of reducing the area of mineral rights, fierce competition for mineral rights, and the loss of technical backbone and management talents. With the entry of private and foreign enterprises, the exploration and production system with large state-owned oil companies as the leading part and multiple economic components participating in the upstream will be established gradually.