桔梗不同极性溶剂提取物抗氧化活性及成分分析

Research on composition and antioxidant activities of different solvent extracts from Platycodon grandiflorum

对采集于种植基地桔梗不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性及成分进行分析。采用8种不同极性溶剂对桔梗进行提取,通过提取物对DPPH·、ABTS^+·、羟自由基的清除力以及总还原力和总抗氧化能力进行抗氧化评价;分析提取物中功效成分;并对桔梗中矿物质进行了分析。结果表明:8种不同极性溶剂桔梗提取物中蒸馏水提取物的得率(9.579%)及总酚含量最高(1.410 mg GAE/g),石油醚提取物中总黄酮含量最高(2.785 mg RTE/g),去芹糖桔梗皂苷D在乙醇提取物中含量最高(18.649 mg/g),桔梗皂苷D仅在蒸馏水提取物中检出(2.570 mg/g),麦角甾醇在石油醚提取物中含量最高(0.270mg/g)。蒸馏水提取物对DPPH·及羟自由基的清除能力最好,甲醇提取物对ABTS^+·的清除能力、总抗氧化以及总还原力最好;综合抗氧化评价表明,蒸馏水、甲醇等极性大的溶剂提取物抗氧化效果优于极性小的溶剂提取物;桔梗提取物中总酚含量与溶剂极性呈正相关;桔梗中含有多种有益矿质元素,重金属含量较低。种植桔梗中含有多种生物活性物质,具有很好的抗氧化活性;种植桔梗中酚类起主要抗氧化作用;桔梗中含有丰富的矿物质。

To analyze the antioxidant activity and components of Platycodon grandiflorum extract.Eight different polar solvents were used to extract Platycodon grandiflorum.The scavenging capacities of DPPH,ABTS^+,hydroxyl radicals,total reducing power and total antioxidant capacities of the extracts were evaluated.The effective components of the extracts were analyzed,and the mineral contents were detected.The results showed that as follows:The yield of distilled water extract(9.579%)of Platycodon grandiflorum and total phenol content(1.410 mg GAE/g)were both the highest,whereas total flavonoids content(2.785 mg RTE/g)in petroleum ether extract was the highest.Deapio platycodin D content in ethanol extract(18.649 mg/g)was the highest,while platycodonin D content was only detected in distilled water extract(2.570 mg/g),and ergosterol content(0.270 mg/g)in petroleum ether extract was the highest.Distilled water extract had the best scavenging abilities to DPPH and hydroxyl radicals,whereas methanol extract had the best scavenging ability to ABTS^+,total antioxidant and total reducing power,and comprehensive antioxidant evaluation showed that the polar solvent extracts such as distilled water and methanol had better antioxidant effect.The content of total phenols in Platycodon grandiflorum extract was positively correlated with the polarity of solvents,and raw materials contained many beneficial mineral elements,however,the content of heavy metals was low.Platycodon grandiflorum contains many bioactive substances,rich in minerals,and has good antioxidant activity.