老年科住院患者肌肉衰减综合征相关影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors for sarcopenia in geriatric patients

目的探究肌肉衰减综合征在老年科住院患者中的患病率及相关影响因素,为制定肌肉衰减综合征的干预措施提供理论依据。方法以2020-01-01-2020-05-31在连云港市第一人民医院老年科住院的患者为研究对象,调查肌肉衰减综合征发病情况,并收集一般资料,分析肌肉衰减综合征发病的影响因素。结果肌肉衰减综合征总患病率为29.88%,女性患病率为41.05%,男性患病率为23.08%,性别差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.106,P=0.003)。随着年龄的增长,肌肉衰减综合征患病率有逐渐增高的趋势(χ^(2)=23.846,P<0.001)。单因素分析结果显示,肌肉衰减综合征与性别(χ^(2)=9.106,P=0.003)、年龄(χ^(2)=23.846,P<0.001)、糖尿病(χ^(2)=10.283,P=0.001)、营养状况(χ^(2)=5.107,P=0.024)、体质量(χ^(2)=23.673,P<0.001)、住院时间(χ^(2)=9.970,P=0.007)有关;多因素logistic回归结果显示,性别为女(OR=2.171,95%CI为1.091~4.321,P=0.027)、高龄(OR=2.321,95%CI为1.335~4.036,P=0.003)、糖尿病(OR=2.366,95%CI为1.442~3.882,P=0.001)、长期住院(OR=1.167,95%CI为1.057~1.288,P=0.002)、体质量过低(OR=9.363,95%CI为3.194~27.450,P=0.001)为肌肉衰减综合征的危险因素;营养良好(OR=0.535,95%CI为0.310~0.923,P=0.025)为肌肉衰减综合征的保护因素。结论老年科住院患者肌肉衰减综合征的患病率较高,应针对肌肉衰减综合征的影响因素进行针对性防治,降低其发病率,保障老年人健康。

Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of sarcopenia in geriatric patients,and to provide basic information for intervention measures of sarcopenia.Methods The patients hospitalized in the department of geriatrics of the First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang from January 1 to May 31,2020 were used as the research objects.The incidence rate of sarcopenia was investigated.The risk factors for sarcopenia were analyzed.Results The prevalence rate of sarcopenia was 29.88%.The prevalence of sarcopenia in males and females were 23.08%and 41.05%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=9.106,P=0.003).The prevalence of sarcopenia was gradually increased with age(χ^(2)=23.846,P<0.001).Sarcopenia was related to gender(χ^(2)=9.106,P=0.003),age(χ^(2)=23.846,P<0.001),diabetes(χ^(2)=10.283,P=0.001),nutrition(χ^(2)=5.107,P=0.024),weight(χ^(2)=23.673,P<0.001),hospitalization cycle(χ^(2)=9.970,P=0.007).The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that female(OR=2.171,95%CI was 1.091-4.321,P=0.027),old age(OR=2.321,95%CI was 1.335-4.036,P=0.003),diabetes(OR=2.366,95%CI was 1.442-3.882,P=0.001),long-term hospitalization(OR=1.167,95%CI was 1.057-1.288,P=0.002)and low body mass(OR=9.363,95%CI was 3.194-27.450,P=0.001)were the risk factors of muscle attenuation syndrome.Good nutrition(OR=0.535,95%CI was 0.310-0.923,P=0.025)was the protective factor of muscle wasting syndrome.Conclusions The incidence of sarcopenia in inpatients in geriatrics is relatively high.The influencing factors for sarcopenia should be prevented and the incidence of sarcopenia should be reduced to ensure the health of the elderly.