常态化疫情防控下杭州市居民新型冠状病毒肺炎知信行现状及影响因素分析

Investigation on the status and promotion strategies of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about COVID-19 among Hangzhou residents under the condition of normalized epidemic prevention and control

目的了解常态化疫情预防控制(简称防控)下杭州市居民新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)知信行现状及影响因素,为针对薄弱环节制定健康提升策略、开展健康干预工作提供理论依据。方法采用分层抽样方法,2020-11-01-2020-12-31采用自编问卷对杭州市6个城区中(余杭区、萧山区、江干区、西湖区、拱墅区及上城区)342名社区居民进行新冠肺炎防控知信行情况调查。采用t检验、方差分析、多重线性回归分析等方法对调查结果进行统计学分析。结果342名社区居民新冠肺炎防控知识平均得分为(5.76±1.28)分,素养具备率为29.8%;疫情防控态度平均得分为(8.08±1.56)分,素养具备率为69.6%;疫情防控行为平均得分为(29.30±4.63)分,素养具备率为33.3%。单因素分析结果显示,性别、不同健康关注度与居民新冠肺炎防控知识情况相关,均P<0.05;性别、年龄、职业、收入、户籍、健康状况、不同健康关注度与居民新冠肺炎防控行为相关,均P<0.05。多重线性回归分析结果显示,性别(t=2.139,P=0.033)为居民防控知识的影响因素;性别(t=-2.128,P=0.034)、疫情防控知识的知晓情况(t=3.065,P=0.002)为居民疫情防控态度的影响因素;性别(t=3.515,P=0.001)、年龄(t=3.519,P<0.001)、户籍(t=-2.109,P=0.036)、健康状况(t=-2.057,P=0.040)、关注程度(t=-5.035,P<0.001)为居民疫情防控和预防行为的影响因素。结论疫情防控常态化下杭州市居民具有积极的抗疫态度,但是疫情防控相关知识和行为有待进一步提升。相关部门应针对存在的薄弱环节,制定相应的宣传方式与心理援助策略,加强网络信息管理,促进居民健康水平提升。

Objective This study aimed to understand the knowledge atcltude and practice about coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)among residents in Hangzhou under the normal epidemic prevention and control,as well as the influencing factors and weak links,and to develop targeted health promotion strategies,so as to provide theoretical basis for health intervention.Methods Using stratified random sampling method,a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the knowledge,attitude and practice of prevention and control in COVID-19 among 342 community residents in 6 urban areas(Yuhang District,Xiaoshan District,Jianggan District,Xihu District,Gongshu District and Shangcheng District)of Hangzhou from November 1,2020 to November 31,2020.The survey results were analyzed by descriptive analysis,t-test,variance analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results Hangzhou residents on knowledge about COVID-19 was(5.76±1.28),and the literacy attainment rate was 29.8%.The average score of epidemic prevention and control attitude was(8.08±1.56),and the literacy attainment rate was 69.6%.The average score of epidemic prevention and control behavior was(29.30±4.63),and the literacy attainment rate was 33.3%.Results of univariate analysis showed that COVID-19 was correlated with gender and health concern(all P<0.05).Gender,age occupation,registered residence,health status were related to the prevention and control of pandrnic(all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender(t=2.139,P=0.033)was the influencing factor of residents’knowledge of prevention and control.Gender(t=-2.128,P=0.034)and knowledge of COVID-19(t=3.065,P=0.002)were the influencing factors of residents’attitude towards the COVID-19.Gender(t=3.515,P=0.001),age(t=3.519,P<0.001),household registration(t=-2.109,P=0.036),health status(t=-2.057,P=0.040),degree of concern(t=-5.035,P<0.001)were the influencing factors of residents’epidemic prevention and control behavior.Conclusions Under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control,Hangzhou residents have a positive attitude towards epidemic prevention,but the knowledge and behavior related to epidemic prevention and control need to be further improved.Relevant departments should formulate targeted publicity methods and psychological assistance strategies for the weak links,strengthen network information management,and promote the improvement of residents’health level.