东莞市社区居民心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

Analysis of the mental health status and its influencing factors for community residents in Dongguan

目的调查东莞市社区居民心理健康状况及其影响因素,为针对性提出相关措施以提升居民心理健康提供依据。方法2015年9月从东莞市大岭山和凤岗社区选取840名居民,填写个人状况调查表和症状自评量表(SCL-90)。采用t检验对2个社区居民SCL-90总分与全国常模进行比较;单因素分析采用t检验或方差分析筛选相关自变量;多因素分析采用多重线性回归模型,多分类变量以哑变量形式进入,分析东莞市居民心理健康状况。结果东莞市居民SCL-90量表总分为(1.29±0.42)分,躯体化得分为(1.34±0.47)分,强迫症状得分为(1.41±0.49)分,人际关系敏感得分为(1.31±0.45)分,抑郁得分为(1.33±0.47)分,焦虑得分为(1.31±0.48)分,敌对得分为(1.29±0.45)分,恐怖得分为(1.23±0.44)分,偏执得分为(1.10±0.39)分。SCL-90总分及各因子得分均低于全国常模,除了躯体化和恐怖因子得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其他各项得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄、人均收入、长期居住地、性格和文化程度是影响东莞市居民心理健康状况的主要因素(均P<0.05),年龄大、个人收入低、文化程度低、居住在农村以及个人性格趋于内向的人,心理健康水平较差。结论东莞市居民心理健康状况高于全国水平,年龄、人均收入、长期居住地、性格和文化程度是其影响因素。社区需要针对性提出相关措施以提升居民心理健康状况。

Objective Investigated the mental health status of community residents in Dongguan City and its influencing factors,so as to put forward relevant measures to improve the mental health of residents.Methods In September 2015,840 residents were selected from Dalingshan and Fenggang communities in Dongguan city,filling in the personal status questionnaire and self-rating Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90).The t-test was used to compare the total score of SCL-90 between the two communities and the national norm.In univariate analysis,a t-test or variance analysis was used to screen the related independent variables.Multiple linear regression models were used in the multivariate analysis and multiple categorical variables were entered in the form of dummy variables to analyze the mental health status of Dongguan residents.Results The total score of SCL-90 was(1.29±0.42),somatization score was(1.34±0.47),obsessive-compulsive symptom score was(1.41±0.49),interpersonal sensitivity was(1.31±0.45),depression was(1.33±0.47),anxiety was(1.31±0.48),hostility was(1.29±0.45),terror was(1.23±0.44)and paranoia was(1.10±0.39),all were lower than the national norm.All the other differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),except that there was no significant difference in somatization and terror factor scores(P>0.05).The result of multiple linear regression showed that age,per capita income,long-term residence,personality and education level affected the mental health status of Dongguan residents(P<0.05).The older the age,the lower the mental health level.The residents with high income or high education levels have higher mental health level.People living in rural areas have poorer mental health than those living in urban areas and people with extroverted personality types tend to have higher levels of mental health.Conclusions The mental health status of Dongguan residents is higher than the national level.Age,per capita income,long-term residence,personality and education level are the influencing factors.The community needs to put forward relevant measures to improve the mental health status of residents.