2010-2019年厦门市集美区HIV/AIDS新报告病例流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Jimei District of Xiamen City from 2010 to 2019

目的本研究分析集美区艾滋病(AIDS)/人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)流行特点及趋势,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法HIV/AIDS病例资料来源于《艾滋病综合信息管理系统》中2010-2019现住址为集美区的病例,统计分析病例不同年份、地区、人群、传播途径和样本来源分布特征。结果2010-2019年集美区HIV/AIDS发病率呈上升趋势,χ2=188.0,P<0.05,以非厦门户籍为主,侨英街道发病率最高,为70.1%(258/368)。男性326例,女性42例,男女性别比7.8∶1,男性发病率为9.6/10万,女性发病率为0.7/10万,差异有统计学意义,χ2=16.0,P<0.05。男性病例中,2011年以前,异性传播比例高于同性传播,2012年以来,同性传播比例首次超过异性传播,所占比例逐渐上升,χ2=7.0,P<0.05;年龄组越小,同性传播比越高,χ2=53.1,P<0.05。42例女性病例中40例(95%)为性传播,2例(占5%)为母婴传播。来源于艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊、社会组织咨询快筛等主动筛查比例上升,趋势χ2=4.4,P<0.05。学生病例以男性为主,占96.0%(48/50),男性学生中,同性传播比例为91.7%(44/48)。结论2010-2019年集美区HIV/AIDS发病率总体呈上升趋势;男性病例数及发病率均多于女性;男性病例中,同性传播比例逐年升高,年龄组越低,同性传播比例越高;学生病例中以男性为主,主要传播途径为同性传播。

Objective This study aimed to analyze the epidemic characteristics and trend of AIDS/HIV in Jimei District,so as to provide the basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods The data of HIV/AIDS cases were collected from the cases in Jimei District from 2010 to 2019 in the integrated information management system for AIDS.The distribution characteristics of cases in different years,regions,populations,transmission routes and sample sources were statistically analyzed.Results From 2010 to 2019,the incidence rate of HIV/AIDS in Jimei District was on the rise,χ2=188.0,P<0.05,and non Xiamen household registration were the main causes,and the incidence rate of overseas Chinese streets was the highest,which was 70.1%(258/368).Incidence rate of male gender was 7.8∶1,male with326 cases and female with 42 cases,The incidence rate of male was 9.6/100000,and female incidence was 0.7/10000,the difference was statistically significant,χ2=16.0,P<0.05.In male cases,before 2011,the proportion of heterosexual transmission was higher than that of homosexual transmission.Since 2012,the proportion of homosexual transmission exceeded that of heterosexual transmission for the first time and gradually increased,χ2=7.0,P<0.05.The younger the age group,the higher the ratio of same-sex transmission,χ2=53.1,P<0.05.Of the 42 female cases,40(95%)were sexually transmitted and 2(5%)were mother-to-child transmission.The proportion of active screening from voluntary counseling and testing clinics and social organizations increased,χ2=4.4,P<0.05.Among male students,homosexual transmission accounted for 91.7%(44/48).Conclusions The incidence of HIV/AIDS in Jimei District shows an overall upward trend.The number of male cases and the incidence rate are higher than those of females.Among male cases,the proportion of same-sex transmission increased year by year,and the lower the age group,the higher the proportion of same-sex transmission.Most of the student cases are male,and the main route of transmission is homosexual transmission.