西安市大学生新型冠状病毒肺炎防控认知及心理状况调查

Investigation on cognitive and psychological status of prevention and control about COVID-19 among college students in Xi’an

目的本研究了解西安市大学生对新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)防治相关知识的认知、态度和心理焦虑等情况,为西安市高校制定COVID-19疫情防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法2020-02-23-2020-03-31选取西安市10所全日制本科高校中所有自愿参加调查的5578名高校大学生为调查对象,采用自行设计问卷,并通过扫描二维码或问卷链接形式进行调查,内容包括一般情况、对COVID-19的认知、COVID-19相关信息获取途径以及COVID-19相关焦虑情况等。分析大学生对于COVID-19疫情防控知识的认知和心理状况及影响因素。结果5578名大学生COVID-19相关传播途径知晓率为81.64%,潜伏期相关知晓率为96.65%,感染机制知晓率为62.08%,防护措施知晓率为84.49%,不同性别(χ2=203.068,P<0.001)、年龄(χ2=11.111,P=0.004)、专业(χ2=1540.700,P<0.001)和学历(χ2=18.702,P<0.001)的大学生COVID-19防控相关知识知晓率差异均有统计学意义。有医学背景的大学生总知晓率为95.70%,非医学背景的大学生总知晓率为75.36%。研究生对于感染机制的知晓率为87.07%,本科生知晓率为57.46%,差异有统计学意义,χ2=274.554,P<0.001。80.94%大学生第一次了解COVID-19疫情的途径是通过互联网,51.18%通过社交平台了解,15.6%通过社交软件了解,14.16%通过网站了解,仅19.06%通过电视、广播、期刊报纸和亲朋好友等途径了解。疫情期间使用最多的关注信息途径中,排在前3位分别为社交平台、社交软件和电视,分别有2855名(51.18%)、870名(15.60%)和863名(15.47%)。63.15%的大学生无明显焦虑症状,2.23%的大学生几乎每天有明显焦虑症状,性别间差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。结论西安市大学生对于COVID-19的传播途径、感染机制和防护措施有一定了解和科学认识。具有医学背景的大学生和研究生对感染机制的了解更加透彻。互联网是大学生了解和获取信息知识的主要途径。进一步在大学生中开创新的"互联网+健康教育"模式的COVID-19健康教育和科普宣传十分必要。

Objective This study aimed to understand the cognition,attitude and psychological anxiety of college students in Xi’an City on the prevention and control of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19),and to provide a scientific basis for Xi’an colleges and universities to formulate COVID-19 prevention and control strategies and measures.Methods From February 23,2020 to March 31,2020,a total of 5578 college students who voluntarily participated in the survey from10 full-time undergraduate colleges and universities in Xi’an were selected as the survey objects.Using self-designed questionnaires and conduct surveys by scanning the QR code or questionnaire links.The content includes general information,awareness of COVID-19,acquisition of information about COVID-19,and anxiety about COVID-19.The cognition and psychological status and influencing factors of college students on the knowledge of COVID-19 prevention and control were analyzed.Results The awareness rate of 5578 college students about the transmission route of COVID-19 was81.64%,the awareness rate of incubation period was 96.65%,the awareness rate of infection mechanism was 62.08%,the awareness rate of protective measures was 84.49%.There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate of COVID-19 prevention and control among college students of different genders(χ2=203.068,P<0.001),age(χ2=11.111,P=0.004),major(χ2=1540.700,P<0.001)and education(χ2=18.702,P<0.001).The overall awareness rate of college students with medical background was 95.70%,and that of college students with non-medical background was 75.36%.The awareness rate of postgraduates about the infection mechanism was 87.07%,and that of undergraduates was only 57.46%,χ2=274.554,P<0.001.80.94%of college students first learned about the COVID-19 epidemic through the internet,51.18%learned through social platforms,15.6%learned through social software,14.16%learned through websites,and only 19.06%learned through television,radio,periodicals,newspapers,relatives and friends.During the epidemic,the top 3 following information channels were social platforms,social software,and TV,with 2855(51.18%),870(15.60%)and 863(15.47%).During the epidemic,63.15%of college students had no obvious symptoms of anxiety,and 2.23%of college students had obvious symptoms of anxiety almost every day,there was no statistically significant difference between genders,P>0.05.Conclusions University students in Xi’an have a certain understanding and scientific understanding of the transmission route,infection mechanism and protective measures of COVID-19.Undergraduates and graduate students with medical backgrounds have a more thorough understanding of infection mechanisms.The internet is the main way for college students to understand and acquire information and knowledge.It is necessary to further develop a new"Internet+health education"model for COVID-19 health education and popular science propaganda among college students.