广州市花山镇6~17岁学生超重和肥胖状况及其与血压水平关联

Relationship of overweight and obesity with blood pressure level among 6-17 years old students in Huashan Town,Guangzhou City

目的我国儿童和青少年的超重率和肥胖率呈逐年升高趋势。本研究分析2018年广州市花都区花山镇6~17岁学生超重肥胖状况及其与血压水平关联,为当地儿童青少年高血压的预防干预提供依据。方法通过广州市学生健康档案管理系统平台收集2018年广州市花都区花山镇参与中小学体检的6~17岁学生的身高、体质量和血压等信息。采用多因素Logistic回归分析花山镇6~17岁学生超重肥胖状况及其与血压水平关联。结果2018年广州市花都区花山镇6~17岁学生参与体检共15416名,男生8486名(55.05%),女生6930名(44.95%),总人群平均年龄为(10.31±3.03)岁,超重率为11.22%,肥胖率为8.14%,血压偏高率为16.64%。总人群正常组、超重组和肥胖组的血压偏高率分别为14.50%、23.66%和34.58%。总人群(χ~2=376.365,P<0.001)、男生组(χ~2=221.173,P<0.001)和女生组(χ~2=131.879,P<0.001)血压偏高率均呈现肥胖组>超重组>正常组的趋势。Logistic回归分析结果显示,总人群超重组和肥胖组血压偏高风险分别是正常组的1.658和2.605倍,均P<0.001。结论超重和肥胖是引起当地儿童青少年血压升高的重要危险因素,需要尽快采取预防干预措施。

OBJECTIVE The overweight rate and obesity rate of children and adolescents in China were increased year by year.This paper aimed to evaluate the relationship of blood pressure level with overweight and obesity among 6 to 17 years old students in Huashan Town,Guangzhou City,and to provide evidence for the early prevention and intervention against hypertension.METHODS Data of height,weight and blood pressure of all 6 to 17 years old students participating in physical examination in Huashan Town in 2018 was collected through the platform of Guangzhou Student Health Records Management System.Multivariate Logistic analysis was used to assess the relationship of overweight and obesity with blood pressure level.RESULTS Totally 15416 cases of students aged 6 to 17 in Huashan Town,Guangzhou City in 2018 were collected,including 8486 boys(55.05%)and 6930 girls(44.95%).The average age of the total population was(10.31±3.03)years.The prevalence of overweight,obesity and high-normal blood pressure were 11.22%,8.14%and 16.64%among 6~17 years old students.The high-normal blood pressure rate among normal weight,overweight and obesity group were 14.50%,23.66%and 34.58%,respectively.The high-normal pressure blood rate among 6~17 years old students was significantly higher among overweight and obesity group than normal weight group in total population group,male group and female group,χ~2 were 376.365,221.173 and 131.879,respectively,all P<0.001.Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of high blood pressure was 1.658 and 2.605 times higher in the overweight and obesity groups than those in the normal group,respectively,both P<0.001.CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obesity are important risk factors of children and adolescents hypertension.Strategies are needed urgently for preventing and controlling children and adolescents hypertension.