新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间居民焦虑状况影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of residents’ anxiety during the outbreak of COVID-19

目的2019年底出现新型冠状病毒肺炎并流行于国内外,居民因应对能力不同呈现不同心理状况。本研究分析新型冠状病毒感染性肺炎下居民焦虑状况,为特殊时期居民进行心理指导和干预提供依据。方法2020-02-20-2020-02-22采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)对四川省安岳县随机抽取的116名居民进行心理问卷调查,并针对调查结果进行相关影响因素分析。结果疫情期间居民SAS评分为(34.80±7.85)分,高于全国常模的(29.78±0.46)分,t=6.888,P<0.001。性别(t=-3.439,P=0.001)、文化程度(F=4.147,P=0.018)、婚姻状况(t=-2.800,P=0.006)、生育状况(t=-3.168,P=0.002)、是否接触过湖北返乡人员(t=3.550,P=0.001)、居住地区(F=4.278,P=0.016)、年龄(F=4.501,P=0.013)和收入水平(F=5.328,P=0.002)与居民焦虑评分有关联。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,疫情发展情况(OR=49.485,95%CI为3.669~667.512,P=0.003)、担心自身健康(OR=0.097,95%CI为0.012~0.793,P=0.030)、担心家人健康(OR=0.003,95%CI为0.000~0.081,P<0.001)、影响工作和学习(OR=0.030,95%CI为0.002~0.546,P=0.018)、信息接收杂乱(OR=267.538,95%CI为1.317~54337.250,P=0.039)、活动场所减少(OR=0.144,95%CI为0.023~0.884,P=0.036)以及文化程度(OR=145.165,95%CI为9.187~2293.688,P<0.001)均对居民焦虑状态有影响。结论新型冠状病毒感染性肺炎疫情下,疫情发展情况、担心自身健康、担心家人健康、影响工作和学习、信息接收杂乱、活动场所减少以及文化程度为居民焦虑状态的影响因素,应引导居民全方面了解疫情有关知识,提高自身抵抗力,并完善应急管理机制,加强居民心理疏导和人文关怀,以减轻居民焦虑情绪。

OBJECTIVE Since the end of 2019,corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)has appeared and spread around the world,and residents have different psychological conditions due to different coping abilities.This study analyzes the anxiety of residents under the COVID-19 and provides a basis for psychological guidance and intervention for residents in special periods.METHODS From February 20 to 22,2020,116 residents randomly selected from Anyue County of Sichuan Province were investigated with self rating anxiety scale(SAS),and the relevant influencing factors were analyzed.RESULTS During the epidemic period,the SAS score of residents was 34.80±7.85,which was higher than that of the national norm 29.78±0.46,t=6.888,P<0.001.The results showed that gender(t=-3.439,P=0.001),education(F=4.147,P=0.018),marriage(t=-2.800,P=0.006),fertility(t=-3.168,P=0.002),contact with returnees from Hubei(t=3.550,P=0.001),residential area(F=4.278,P=0.016),age(F=4.501,P=0.013),and income level(F=5.328,P=0.002)were related to residents’anxiety score.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the epidemic situation(OR=49.485,95%CI was 3.669-667.512,P=0.003),self-health(OR=0.097,95%CI was 0.012-0.793,P=0.030),family health(OR=0.003,95%CI was 0.000-0.081,P<0.001),work and learning(OR=0.030,95%CI was 0.002-0.546,P=0.018),information receiving disorder(OR=267.538,95%CI was 1.317-54337.250,P=0.039),activity places were reduced(OR=0.144,95%CI was 0.023-0.884,P=0.036),and education level(OR=145.165,95%CI was 9.187-2293.688,P<0.001)all had influence on residents’anxiety state.CONCLUSIONS Under the COVID-19 epidemic situation,the development of the epidemic situation,worry about their own health,worry about the health of their families,impact on work and learning,information receiving disorder,reduction of activity places and education level are the influencing factors of residents’anxiety state.We should guide the residents to understand the knowledge about the epidemic situation,improve their resistance,improve the emergency management mechanism,strengthen the psychological guidance and humanistic care of the residents,so as to reduce the residents’anxiety.