新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下社区防控人员工作压力及心理健康状况

Working pressure and mental health status of community prevention and control workers under the corona virus disease 2019 epidemic situation

目的社区是疫情防控的基础环节,做好社区防控对有效遏制疫情播散和蔓延至关重要。本研究旨在通过调查社区防控人员工作压力及心理健康状况,探讨两者相互关系,为制定新型冠状病毒(简称新冠)肺炎疫情下社区防控工作人员工作模式及心理干预措施提供依据。方法2020-01-15-2020-02-20采用不等比目的抽样法,以5∶1比例随机抽取宁夏银川兴庆区、金凤区和西夏区3个市辖区40家社区,采用一般资料调查表及自设社区新冠疫情防控人员工作压力量表和焦虑抑郁量表,对新冠疫情期间社区在岗人员进行问卷调研,一般资料调查表包括性别、民族、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业类型、工作性质和是否为党员。分析社区新冠疫情防控工作人员工作压力和心理状况的相关性。结果社区新冠肺炎疫情防控人员工作压力总分为(59.90±12.25)分,处于中低等水平。Zung焦虑量表平均得分为(47.11±8.55)分,焦虑阳性率为21.27%(30/141),Zung抑郁量表平均得分为(46.48±6.87)分,抑郁阳性率为12.05%(17/141)。单因素分析结果显示,文化程度是社区新冠疫情防控工作人员工作压力的影响因素,F=3.443,P=0.047;性别(t=2.315和2.535,P=0.036和0.013)和职业(F=6.412和4.987,均P<0.001)是心理健康状况的影响因素。Pearson线性相关分析结果表明,社区新冠疫情防控人员焦虑与工作压力(r=0.293)、工作负荷(r=0.339)、人际关系(r=0.233)和个人价值(r=0.224)呈正相关,抑郁与工作压力(r=0.260)、工作负荷(r=0.263)、人际关系(r=0.204)和个人价值(r=0.222)呈正相关,均P<0.05。结论新冠肺炎疫情下社区防控人员工作压力大且存在不同程度的心理健康问题,直接影响到工作人员疫情防控工作的状态,需采取相应的防护对策,以减轻社区防控人员工作压力,保持身心健康。

OBJECTIVE Community is the basic link of epidemic prevention and control,and good community prevention and control is crucial to effectively contain the spread and spread of the epidemic.The purpose of this study is to investigate the working stress and mental health status of community prevention and control personnel,and to explore the relationship between the two,so as to provide a basis for formulating the working mode and psychological intervention measures of community prevention and control personnel under corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic situation.METHODS From January 15 to February 20,2020,40 communities in Xingqing District,Jinfeng District and Xixia District of Yinchuan City were randomly selected by using the method of unequal proportion sampling.The general data questionnaire,the work stress scale and the anxiety and depression scale of the community’s COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control personnel were used to investigate the community’s on-the-job personnel during the COVID-19 epidemic.The general data questionnaire included gender,nationality,education level,marital status,occupation type,nature of work and whether they were party members or not.The correlation between work pressure and psychological status of the community COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control workers were analyzed.RESULTS The total score of COVID-19 pneumonia prevention and control workers in the community was 59.90±12.25,which was at a low level.The average score of Zung anxiety scale was 47.11±8.55,the positive rate of anxiety was 21.27%(30/141),the average score of Zung depression scale was 46.48±6.87,and the positive rate of depression was 12.05%(17/141).Single factor analysis showed that the education level was the influencing factor of the work pressure of the community COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control staff,F=3.443,P=0.047;gender(t=2.315 and 2.535,P=0.036 and 0.013)and occupation(F=6.412 and 4.987,all P<0.01)were the influencing factors of the mental health status.Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that anxiety and depression were significantly correlated with work pressure(r=0.293,0.260),work load(r=0.339,0.263),interpersonal relationship(r=0.233,0.204)and personal value(r=0.224,0.222),all P<0.05.CONCLUSIONS Under COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic situation,community prevention and control staff work under great pressure and have different degrees of mental health problems,which directly affects the status of epidemic prevention and control work of staff.Corresponding countermeasures should be taken to reduce the work pressure of community prevention and control staff and maintain physical and mental health.