群际接触与语言标签影响中华民族认同的层次性

The Influence of Intergroup Contact and Linguistic Label on the Different Dimensions of the Chinese National Identity

中华民族认同由民族认同发展而来。目前尚不清楚民族认同上升为中华民族认同的心理机制和影响因素,也未有实证研究考察民族认同与中华民族认同的层次关系。本研究以龙胜各族自治县少数民族中学生为被试,通过两个实验,从认知和情感维度考察群际接触与语言标签对中华民族认同层次性的影响。实验1采用空间Stroop范式,发现当目标词处于圈内时,被试对本民族、本地其他民族、国内其他民族、外国民族名称的反应速度依次减慢;实验2采用启动Stroop范式,发现当目标词为积极词时,被试在本民族名称启动下反应最快,在本地其他民族名称和国内其他民族名称启动下反应次之,在外国民族名称启动下反应最慢。整个研究表明,龙胜地区少数民族中学生的中华民族认同具有层次性,表现为对本民族的认同强于对本地其他民族的认同,强于对国内其他民族的认同,说明群际接触与语言标签在中华民族认同发展过程中起到了重要作用。

Taking minority middle school students in Longsheng County,Guangxi as the subjects,two experiments were conducted to investigate the hierarchy of Chinese community identity from the cognitive and emotional dimensions.Experiment 1found that when the target word was in the circle,the reaction speed of the subjects'own ethnic name,local ethnic name,domestic ethnic name and foreign ethnic name decreased successively by adopting the spatial Stroop paradigm.Experiment 2 discovered that when the target word was a positive word,the subjects'response was the fastest under the priming of their own ethnic group,the second under the priming of other local ethnic groups and other domestic ethnic groups,and the slowest under the priming of foreign ethnic groups by adopting the priming Stroop paradigm.The whole study shows that the Chinese national identity of minority middle school students in Longshengis hierarchical.The degree of identity is the strongest for local ethnic group,the second for other local ethnic groups,and the lowest for other ethnic groups in China.In the process of shaping National Community Identity,contact and language play an important role.