“被安排”和“分内”:女性社会工作者日常情感劳动研究

“Arranged”and“Obliged”:Daily Emotional Labor of Female Social Workers

近年来,社会工作者作为职业服务人员,其情感劳动日渐成为工作过程中的一个必需要素。与男性社会工作者相比,女性社会工作者具备诸如友善、照顾和服务他人、较强的情绪敏感力等情感优势,这使得女性被认为更适合从事社会工作,其与情感劳动亦存在内在勾连。本研究通过参与式观察、半结构式访谈等方法从情感劳动的预备、日常实践和管理策略三个方面对女性社会工作者的日常情感劳动实践展开研究。研究发现:女性社会工作者的日常工作中蕴含对自身情感的控制与规训,使得女性社会工作者在工作中按照职业要求管理自身的情感。女性社会工作者在日常情感劳动实践中积累了一些情感管理的策略,说明她们不只是在工作中被动地展演自己的情感,其主体性和能动性在日常情感劳动实践中也有所呈现。

Recently,in the role of professional service personnel,social workers'emotional labor has gradually become an essential factor to their work process.Compared with their male counterparts,female social workers are endowed with emotional strengths like friendliness,caring,serving others and emotional agility,which enables women to better fit the profession of social work,and these qualities are also implicitly associated with emotional labor.This paper adopted participant observation,semi-structural interview and other methods to study the practice of daily emotional labor of female social workers in three parts:emotional labor readiness,daily practices and managerial strategies.It was found that the emotional labor of female social workers controlled and regulated their own emotions,which makes female social workers manage their emotions in accordance with the professional requirements at work;Women social workers have accumulated some emotion management strategies in their daily emotional work practice,which shows that they do not only passively perform their emotions in their work,but also their subjectivity and motivation are presented in their daily emotional work practice.