低保户社会救助政策感知的城乡对比研究

The Perception of Social Assistance Policy between Urban and Rural Low-income Households

我国城镇和农村的社会救助已经实现了均等化,但如何依据社会救助对象的政策感知,评估和促进社会救助政策的调整,是政策制定者和实施者所应关注的问题。文章针对低保户的社会救助政策感知开展城乡对比研究。采用问卷调查法,以最低生活保障政策实施作为调查内容,对城镇低保群体和农村低保群体的社会救助政策感知进行调查。因素分析发现社会救助政策感知包含三个结构因子:政策执行感知、政策效果感知和政策认可度感知。城乡低保户在政策执行感知与政策认可度感知上存在显著差异。城乡社会救助政策感知差异对社会救助政策的实施和调整具有参考价值。

China's urban and rural social assistance has been equalized,but how to evaluate and promote the adjustment of social assistance policies according to the policy perception of social assistance objects is the concern of social assistance policy makers.This paper makes a comparative study on the perception of social assistance policy of low-income households in urban and rural areas.By using the questionnaire survey method,taking the implementation of the minimum living security policy as the survey content,this paper investigates the social assistance policy perception of urban and rural minimum living security groups.Factor analysis shows that social assistance policy perception includes three structural factors:policy implementation,policy effect perception and policy recognition.There are significant differences between urban and rural low-income households in policy implementation perception and policy recognition.The perceived differences between urban and rural social assistance policies have reference value for the implementation and adjustment of social assistance policies.