叙事疗法在抗疫一线医护人员心理健康中的应用

Application of Narrative Therapy in Promoting Mental Health of Front-line Medical Staff Combating the COVID-19 Pandemic

在新冠肺炎疫情期间,众多医护人员紧急奔赴一线,而抗疫一线地区的高感染风险、高强度工作给一线医护人员的生理和心理带来了双重挑战,导致一线医护人员出现焦虑感、挫败感、愧疚感等不良情绪感受和心理状态。叙事疗法是一种后现代的心理治疗方法,在重大危机事件中的心理干预效果显著,针对抗疫一线医护人员的不良情绪感受和心理状态有较好的预期干预效果。为辅助一线医护人员更好地面对抗击疫情过程中出现的不良情绪感受和心理状态,防止其进一步恶化为严重的心理问题,本文结合叙事疗法的理论和技术,探讨叙事疗法在抗疫一线医护人员心理健康中的应用,提出在叙事和被倾听中释放焦虑感、在问题外化和解构中消除挫败感、在积极的故事中克服愧疚感三个要点及其具体操作应用。

After the outbreak of COVID-19,many medical staff rushed to the frontline.However,the high risk of infection and high intensity of work in the frontline brought double challenges to the physical and psychological health of front-line medical staff,resulting in anxiety,frustration,guilt and other negative emotional feelings and adverse psychological states of front-line medical staff.Narrative therapy is a post-modern psychotherapy method,which has a significant effect of psychological intervention in major crisis events.It has a good expected effect of intervention for the negative emotional feelings and adverse psychological states of the front-line medical staff.In order to assist front-line medical staff to better fight against the anxiety,frustration,guilt and other negative emotional feelings and adverse psychological states,this article combines with the theory and technology of narrative therapy,discusses the application of narrative therapy in the mental health of front-line medical staff,and puts forward three key points and specific operation:releasing anxiety through narrating and being listened to,eliminating frustration through externalizing and deconstructing problems,overcoming guilt in positive perspective and story.