食品安全快速检测技术的应用研究进展

Research progress on application of rapid food safety detection technology

近些年我国已建立起强大的食品安全监督检测管理体系,对食品生产、加工、流通到最终消费的各个环节进行监督,但却不能做到完全杜绝食品安全问题,且目前的监管体系很难覆盖众多的食用农产品、散装食品、餐饮食品以及现场制售食品。食品快检技术主要针对这类食品,采用快速检测方法,对这类食品中某种特定物质或指标进行快速定性定量检测。基于此,本文介绍了目前国家发展食品快检技术的相关政策,并从化学比色法、酶联免疫吸附法、胶体金免疫层析法、电化学分析法、生物发光几个方面,探讨了近年来在食品快检技术的应用进展以及存在的问题,并对未来快检技术的发展方向提出几个展望。

In recent years,a strong food safety supervision and testing management system has been established to supervise all aspects of food production,processing,circulation and final consumption in China.However,the problems of food safety can not be eliminated completely.It is difficult for the current supervision system to cover a large number of edible agricultural products,bulk food,catering food and food made on-spot.Food rapid detection technology is mainly used for this kind of foods,adopting fast detection methods to conduct rapid qualitative and quantitative detection of a specific substance or index.This paper introduced the relevant national policies and strategies on the development of food rapid detection technology,and discussed the recent application progress and existing problems of food rapid detection technology from following aspects:chemical colorimetry,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,gold immuno-chromatographic assay,electrochemical analysis,and bioluminescent,and put forward to some prospects for the future development of rapid detection technology.