面颈部分区及其局部结构解剖学:面颈部软组织层次

Compartmentalization and local structural anatomy of the face and neck: Facial layers anatomy

在面颈部解剖学理论中层次解剖学、结构解剖学、功能解剖学具有较重要的临床意义。在本刊2019年30卷第6期和10期上发表的两篇文章中,笔者重点描述了面颈部的重要组成结构,如面部韧带、间隙、脂肪垫(团),也简述了SMAS中的重要表情肌与面部年轻化和面部老化的关系。然而,组成结构包含在解剖层次中,若要了解和应用面颈部解剖学结构,需要从层次解剖学入手,即,若想掌握面颈部解剖学知识,就要从认知软组织层次的特点及其之间的关系入手;若要熟练应用各种面部年轻化的方法(手术和非手术),更需要掌握详细的面颈部软组织层次解剖学、结构解剖学和功能解剖学知识。现将面部皮下脂肪层、SMAS、面部间隙和深筋膜的重点知识点和理论基础进行详细介绍,并探讨其临床意义。

Three most significant questions about facial and neck anatomy are structural anatomy,layer anatomy and functional anatomy.In the two articles published in previous periods,the author focused on the important anatomical structures of face and neck such as ligament,space and fat pad of face.The relationship between important mimetic muscles and facial rejuvenation in SMAS was also briefly described.However,the compositional structure was included in the anatomical layers.In order to understand and apply the compositional structure of face and neck,start with the layer anatomy was needed.In order to master the knowledge of anatomy of face and neck,start with the cognition of characteristics of soft tissue layers was needed.In order to be proficient in various methods of facial rejuvenation(surgical and non-surgical methods),it is necessary to master the detailed knowledge of layers anatomy of facial and neck soft tissue.The key knowledge points and theoretical basis of facial subcutaneous fat layer,SMAS,space and deep fascia was introduced in detail and the clinical significance was explored.