迁移体的产生、功能及应用

The generation,function and application of migrasomes

迁移体是在细胞迁移过程中产生的一种直径为0.5~3.0μm的单层膜囊泡结构,其内部还有一些含有核酸、蛋白质、脂质等生物活性物质的微小囊泡。迁移体在细胞间通讯过程中发挥重要作用,参与并调控多种生理和病理过程。尿液中迁移体的增加可以作为足细胞早期损伤的标志物,从而为足细胞病的临床诊断和治疗提供辅助。本文从迁移体的发现、发生机制、研究手段、生物学功能和应用潜能,以及与其他细胞外囊泡的异同六个方面进行了综述,探讨了迁移体的研究进展及未来可能的研究方向。

The migrasome is a kind of monolayer membrane vesicle structure with a diameter of 0.5~3μm produced during cell migration.Some tiny vesicles in migrasomes contain biologically active substances such as nucleic acids,proteins and lipids.Migrasome plays an important role in intercellular communication and regulates various physiological and pathological processes.The increase of migrasome in urine can be used as a marker of early podocyte injury,thus providing the clinical diagnosis and treatment assistance for podocytopathy.This review summarizes the discovery,mechanism,research methods and biological functions of migrasomes,as well as the similarities and differences with other extracellular vesicles,and its potential clinical application.