ESCRT与TORC1共同调控微自噬

Co-regulation of ESCRT and TORC1 in microautophagy

微自噬是真核生物体利用溶酶体直接降解蛋白质和受损细胞器的过程,在维持细胞稳态和生长发育中发挥重要作用。作为影响自噬流进程的关键复合物,内体分选转运复合体(endosomal sorting complex required for transport,ESCRT)和雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合体1(target of rapamycin complex 1,TORC1)在微自噬的调控通路中存在协同作用。本文通过系统性归纳并总结ESCRT与TORC1共同调控微自噬的分子机制,同时比较在不同类型的自噬中调控机制的差异,分析该领域仍存在的一些未解之谜,为发现调控自噬的新型分子机制提供可行性思路,为人类自噬相关疾病药物的研究提供潜在新靶点。

Microutophagy is a process in which eukaryotic organisms degrade proteins and damaged organelles directly by lysosomes,which plays an essential role in maintaining cell homeostasis,growth,and development.As the crucial factors in inducing autophagy,the endosomal sorting complex required for transport(ECSRT)and the target of rapamycin complex 1(TORC1)exerted a synergistic effect in regulating microautophagy.By systematically summarizing the molecular mechanism of how ESCRT and TORC1regulate microautophagy,and comparing the differences in regulatory mechanisms in different types of autophagy,this review focused on some remained mysteries in this field and provided feasible targets for exploring novel mechanisms regulating autophagy,providing potential targets for drug development for autophagy-related diseases.