论余嘉锡《四库提要辨证》集部之研究特色

A Study on the Research Features of the Part of Ji in Yu Jiaxi's Si Ku Ti Yao Bian Zheng

余嘉锡《四库提要辨证》集部部分以目录学研究为主,遵循考人、考书之通例,也善用文学文献进行考证;此外间及文学研究。余嘉锡重视从文体辨析和诗歌赏析的角度“就文论文”;但他也发现文本可能受到人为改写而“幻中出幻”,因此须仔细考证,避免久假成真;他注重“知人论世”,通过了解人的经历、活动、品质,以帮助理解、评价文学。无论目录学还是文学研究,余嘉锡始终秉持史家精神,追求如实记录“学”与“人”的历史,目的是为人树立“义”或曰价值尺度。他特别注重审视掌握政治与文化权力的官员能否做到为公而不徇私。

Yu Jiaxi's Si Ku Ti Yao Bian Zheng focuses on bibliography research,follows the general rules of examing people and books,and makes good use of literary text.In addition,it involves literary studies.Yu Jiaxi attaches great importance to literary criticism from the perspective of stylistic discrimination and appreciation of poetry;however,he also finds that the text may be artifcially rewritten and fall into the illusion of fantasy;so he“know people and discuss the world”,and contact people's experiences,activities and qualities to help understand and evaluate literature.Yu Jiaxi hold spinit of a historian and pursues to truthfully record the history of“learning”and“people”.But his ultimate concern in writing history is to set up“righteousness”,or value scale.He paid special attention to examine whether the officials in charge of political and cultural power could serve the public without favoritism.