宇宙射线缪子成像技术在大遗址勘察中的可行性研究

On the Feasibility of Applying Muography to Research on Large-Scale Historical Sites

大遗址是我国文化遗产的重要组成部分,然而常规的物探手段存在一些勘察困难。宇宙射线缪子成像技术作为一种新型的物探手段在对大尺度目标物勘察方面具有独特优势。本研究就宇宙射线缪子成像技术中的成像源、成像理论、正演与反演算法和可行性分析流程等方面进行较为详细的介绍,并通过三维正、反演算法,开展了以莫高窟中假设隐藏暗室为勘察目标的缪子技术可行性研究。结果表明,缪子成像技术能够重构出16窟、A窟侧面0.5 m×0.5 m×0.5 m的洞窟和A窟背面1.0 m×1.0 m×1.0 m的洞窟;探测器相对于目标洞窟的位置会影响成像结果,将探测器放置于目标洞窟的异侧时,成像效果比放置于同侧更好。本研究为宇宙射线缪子成像技术在大遗址特别是石窟与土遗址科技考古应用方面奠定了较好的研究基础。

Great historical sites are an important component of the cultural heritage of China.But conventional investigative technologies are often unable to explore internal structures such as hidden chambers.Muography is a technique that uses cosmic ray muons to analyze internal structures,and is a newly developed non-destructive probing technique that has many unique advantages for exploring large-scale historical sites.The image source,principle of image processing,forward modeling and inversion methods of muography are introduced in detail in this study,and the feasibility of detecting a hypothetical hidden chamber(cave A)in the Mogao Grottoes has been analyzed by means of a hypothetical investigation using this technique.The results show that muography is capable of constructing cave 16 of the grottoes,as well as a 0.5 m×0.5 m×0.5 m cave beside cave 16 and a 1.0 m×1.0 m×1.0 m cave behind cave A.The position of the detector relative to the cave also affects the imaging results,and the imaging results will be better if the detector is placed on the opposite side of the target.This study has laid a better research foundation for the application of muography in large historical sites,especially for use in cave temples and earthen sites.