基于灰色关联度与层次分析法的墓葬壁画健康评估方法研究

Research on the Health Assessment Method of Tomb Murals Based on Grey Relational Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process

针对墓葬壁画的健康状况,现阶段都是基于考古工作者的现场评估,无法考虑到潜在影响因素,且评估结果受主观因素影响较大。本文提出了一种灰色关联度与层次分析法相结合的墓葬壁画健康评估方法,通过灰色关联度将墓葬壁画的病害特征与理化特征建立联系,并利用层次分析法对不同影响因素赋予权重,根据相关数据和权重得到墓葬壁画的健康分数,再依据健康分数对墓葬壁画健康等级进行划分,为下一阶段的保护工作提供参考。以陕西省咸阳市的三座墓葬中五处壁画为例进行方法验证,研究结果表明,M66-1、M66-2、M66-3的健康分数分别为2.7、4.5、5.0,健康等级都为Ⅱ级,M3001、M8166的健康分数分别6.3、6.2,健康等级都为Ⅲ级,研究结果与预期一致,提出的墓葬壁画健康评估方法具有可行性。

Currently,the health conditions of tomb murals are determined by on-site evaluations carried out by archaeologists,but such a method cannot account for all the potential factors of influence the murals are subject to and often yields results that are greatly influenced by subjective input.In this study,a health assessment method for tomb murals is proposed that combines grey relational analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP).In the proposed method,the relationship between the deterioration and physical-chemical characteristics of tomb murals is first established by a grey correlation degree,following which the various factors of influence are weighted according to the AHP.The health scores of tomb murals are then obtained according to the relevant data and weights,and the health grades of different tomb murals are classified according to their scores in order to provide reference for further conservation work.This method was verified by applying it to five murals in three tombs at Xianyang City,Shaanxi Province.The research results show that the health scores of murals M66-1,M66-2 and M66-3 are 2.7,4.5 and 5.0,respectively,while the health scores of M3001 and M8166 are 6.3 and 6.2;the health scores of all subjects can be classified as Grade III.The research results were fully consistent with preconceived expectations,which verifies the feasibility of this health assessment method.