记忆理论视角下的圣经批评研究

Biblical Criticism from the Perspective of Memory Studies

记忆研究是当前国内外人文社会科学领域的热点话题,其相关理论也深刻影响到圣经研究。作为记忆理论的奠基者,哈布瓦赫和阿斯曼是最早运用记忆理论诠释圣经的学者,之后戴维斯、亨德尔和本兹维等学者汲取不同的记忆理论,从多个角度将其运用到圣经阅读中。本文在这些学者的批评实践基础之上,从作为记忆的圣经叙事、圣经叙事的记忆模式、记忆与身份认同这三个角度,描述记忆理论如何为圣经批评提供新的视角,推进该研究进路的系统化和理论化。

Memory studies are currently popular in the humanities and social sciences both at home and abroad,and have profoundly affected biblical criticism.Two of the founders of memory studies,Maurice Halbwach and Jan Assman,were also among the earliest scholars to apply memory theory to readings of the Bible.Later biblical scholars such as Philip Daveis,Ronald Hendel,and Ehud Ben Zvi adopted different aspects of memory theories and read the Bible from multiple perspectives in the light of these.This article builds on the critical practice of these scholars and attempts to describe how memory theories shed light on biblical criticism and promote the systematization of this approach from three perspectives:biblical narrative as memory,models of memory in biblical narrative,and memory and identity.