班公湖水位变化模拟及影响因素分析

Simulation of water level change in bangong lake and analysis of influencing factors

采用班公湖鸟瞰岛设立水文站近三年观测资料,基于水量平衡方程构建了湖泊水位模拟模型,入湖水量考虑了流域冰川融水和降雨径流,并验证了模型的适用性,在此基础上分析了湖泊水位变化的主要影响因素。研究结果表明:湖泊水位的起涨波动的主要原因是受降水过程的影响;气温升高引起的冰川融水是维持湖泊水位逐年升高的主要因素。随着气温升高和降水变化,冰川融水和降雨径流对湖泊水位的贡献率在发生变化,冰川融水占入湖水量的比例增加了20%左右。

Based on the observation data of the hydrological station on the Bird Island of Bangong Lake for three years,a lake water level simulation model was established based on the water balance equation.The inflow of lake water took into account glacial melt water and rainfall runoff,and the applicability of the model was verified.On this basis,the main influencing factors of lake water level change were analyzed.The results show that the main reason for the fluctuation of lake water level is influenced by precipitation process.Glacier meltwater caused by rising temperature is the main factor that keeps lake water level rising year by year.With the increase of temperature and the change of precipitation,the contribution rate of glacial melt water and rainfall runoff to lake water level is changing,and the proportion of glacial melt water to lake water volume increases by about 20%.